20-10-2012, 02:13 PM
Uttar Pradesh power corporation Limited 400/220/132kv substation Sultanpur
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Introduction
Uttar Pradesh power corporation incorporated under the companies act 1956 was inoprated in 2004 with the main objective to achuire establish construct take over correct lay operated manage hire lease buy sell maintane enlarge alter renovage modemise work and use electrical transmission line or network through extra high voltage ad associate substation cable wire connected with transmission telecommunication and telemetering equipment in the stete of UP, INDIA an elsewhere.
About 400/220/132kv substation sultanpur
The main bus 400kv connected to obra and anpra power generation station.Now the transmission line first parallel connected to lightning arrester to diverge surge followed by CVT connected parallel. CVT measure voltage and step down 110vfor control panel, at the location wave trap is connected carrier communication at higher frequency. A current connected in series with line which measure current at step down at the ratio 1000:1 for control panel.
Switchgear component is provided which is the combination of a circuit breaker having an isolator at each end.A Tansformer connected main bus through bus coupler.
At both ends of transformer lightning arrester current transformer and switchgear component provided. Auto transformer step down voltage 400kv into 220kv. The main bus provided with switchgear and current transformer. This gives way six feeder transmission power to sultanpur and lucknow. The main bus connected to jack bus through a bus coupler 33kv provided with switchgear. This gives way to feeder transmitting power to sultanpur sector areas.
A step down transformer 33kv/400kv is connected to control panel to power supply to the equipment of the substation. Capacitor bank connected to main bus of 33kv. It is provided to improve power factor and voltage profile.
Busbar
bus bar is a strip of copper or aluminium that conducts electricity within a switchboard, distribution board, substation or other electrical apparatus.
The size of the bus bar determines the maximum amount of current that can be safely carried. Bus bars can have a cross-sectional area of as little as 10 mm2 but electrical substations may use metal tubes of 50 mm in diameter (1963 mm2) or more as bus bars. An aluminum smelter will have very large bus bars used to carry tens of thousands of amperes to the electrochemical cells that produce aluminum from moltensalts.
Insulator
An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely, and which therefore does not conduct an electric current, under the influence of anelectric field. A perfect insulator does not exist, but some materials such as glass,paper and Teflon, which have high resistivity, are very good electrical insulators. A much larger class of materials, even though they may have lower bulk resistivity, are still good enough to insulate electrical wiring and cables. Examples include rubber-like polymersand most plastics. Such materials can serve as practical and safe insulators for low to moderate voltages (hundreds, or even thousands, of volts).
Circuit breaker
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect anelectrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue electrical flow. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.
Broadband over power line (BPL)
Broadband over power line (BPL) is a system to transmit two-way data over the existing electrical distribution wiring in a metropolitan area. This would avoid the expense of a dedicated network of wires for data communication. However, because BPL uses some of the same radio frequencies used for over-the-air radio systems, interference is a problem. BPL would have applications in allowing utility companies to use smart metering and load management, providing two-way communication with customer equipment.
Automotive uses
Power-line technology enables in-vehicle network communication of data, voice, music and video signals by digital means over direct current (DC) battery power-line. Advanced digital communication techniques tailored to overcome hostile and noisy environment are implemented in a small size silicon device. One power line can be used for multiple independent networks. The benefits would be lower cost and weight .
Relay
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations
Conclusion
Now from this report we can conclude that electricity plays an important role our life. We are made aware of how the transmission of electricity is done. We too came to know about the various part of the substation.
The UTTAR PRADESH POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION LIMITED has got radio communication in microwave range in order to transmit and receive in various substation in UTTAR PRADESH to get reliable transmission and distribution of electricity.