16-08-2012, 02:45 PM
MECHANIZATION AND AUTOMATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS
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ABSTRACT
Modernizing operating technologies is the major goal of the construction
engineering in order to reduce or eliminate manual labor. The increase of
operating efficiency of the construction industry is related to the operating
mechanization. The mechanized construction operations are supported by
specialized or multifunctional equipments.
Introduction
The technical efficiency improvement is
achieved by utilizing complex mechanized and
automated operating resources.
The simple mechanization responds to the basic
operations of the work process. The complex
one is involved in all technological processes of
various projects and auxiliary operations.
The way the mechanization’ s improvement
could be achieved.
The mechanization scheme of the
construction operations
Basically, the construction operations are not
completely automated. The worker interferes to
perform various transitional activities, in order
to complete the machine operation. The area of
the required manual operation is not as extended
as the mechanized one.
The mechanization of the construction and
assembling operations is simple when only
basic operations of the technological processes
are performed, using specific equipment. The
complex mechanization is required when all the
operations of the technological process are
performed using systems of required
equipments.
A mechanical system consists of diverse
construction machines performing the
mechanized operations of the technological
processes.
The construction machines, as part of the
mechanical construction system, are distributed
according to the logical and technological
operational schedule.
Conclusions
The economic efficiency of the construction
mechanized operations consists of: reducing
labor on the construction plants, shorter
operating time, minimal traffic disturbing,
better management of urban construction plants,
lower construction costs and higher construction
quality.