15-10-2016, 03:27 PM
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ABSTRACT
We take an opportunity to present this project report on “FOUR WHEELAR MAINTENANCE KIT’’ and put before readers some useful information regarding our project.
With the increasing levels of technology, the efforts being put to produce any kind of work has been continuously decreasing. The efforts required in achieving the desired output can be effectively and economically be decreased by the implementation of better designs.
Power screws are used to convert rotary motion into translator motion. A screw jack is an example of a power screw in which a small force applied in a horizontal plane is used to raise or lower a large load. The principle on which it works is similar to that of an inclined plane. The mechanical advantage of a screw jack is the ratio of the load applied to the effort applied. The screw jack is operated by turning a lead screw. The height of the jack is adjusted by turning a lead screw and this adjustment can be done either manually or by integrating an electric motor.
In this project, an electric motor will be integrated with the screw jack and the electricity needed for the operation will be taken from the battery of the vehicle and thereby the mechanical advantage will be increased.
INTRODUCTION
The motorized screw jack has been developed to cater to the needs of Small and medium automobile garages, which are normally, man Powered with minimum skilled labor. In most of the garages the vehicles are lifted by using screw jack. This needs high man power and skilled labor.
In order to avoid all such disadvantages, the motorized jack has been designed in such a way that it can be used to lift the vehicle very smoothly without any impact force. The operation is made simple so that even unskilled labor can use it with ease.
The d.c motor is coupled with the screw jack by gear arrangement. The screw jack shaft rotation depends upon the rotation of D.C motor. This is a simple type of automation project.
A screw jack is a portable device consisting of a screw mechanism used to raise or lower the load. The principle on which the screw jack works is 9 similar to that of an inclined plane. There are mainly two types of jacks hydraulic and mechanical. A hydraulic jack consists of a cylinder and piston mechanism. The movement of the piston rod is used to raise or lower the load. Mechanical jacks can be either hand operated or power driven.
Jacks are used frequently in raising cars so that a tire can be changed. A screw jack is commonly used with cars but is also used in many other ways, including industrial machinery and even airplanes. They can be short, tall, fat, or thin depending on the amount of pressure they will be under and the space that they need to fit into. The jack is made out of various types of metal, but the screw itself is generally made out of lead.
This is an era of automation where it is broadly defined as replacement of manual effort by mechanical power in all degrees of automation. The operation remains to be an essential part of the system although with changing demands on physical input, the degree of mechanization is increased.
Degrees of automation are of two types, viz.
1 Full automation.
2 Semi automation.
In semi automation a combination of manual effort and mechanical power is required whereas in full automation human participation is very negligible
(a) MOTORIZED SCREW JACK
The motorized screw jack has been developed to cater to the needs of small and medium automobile garages, which are normally man powered with minimum skilled labor. In most of the garages the vehicles are lifted by using screw jack. This needs high man power and skilled labor.
Our survey in the regard in several automobile garages, revealed the facts that mostly some difficult methods were adopted in lifting the vehicles for reconditioning. Now the project has mainly concentrated on this difficulty, and hence a suitable device has been designed, such that the vehicle can be lifted from the floor land without application of any impact force. The fabrication part of it has been considered with almost case for its 10 simplicity and economy, such that this can be accommodated as one of the essential tools on automobile garages.
(b) BATTERY JUMPER
Sometimes car battery is dead. Alternator does not work. Battery totally fails. Thus a startup device is needed. Hence jump start is provided using battery jumper.
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this project is to design a motorized screw jack. Other specific objectives are;
I. To introduce improved design of a screw jack.
ii. To reduce stress encountered during lifting and lowering of Vehicles.
In order to avoid above specified disadvantage of simple screw jack, the motorized jack has been designed in such a way that it can be used to lift the vehicle very smoothly without any impact force. The operation is made simple so that even unskilled labor can use it with ease.
The d.c motor is coupled with the screw jack by gear arrangement. The screw jack shaft's rotation depends upon the rotation of D.C motor. This is a simple type of automation project.
Screw jack is a mechanical component used for the lifting and lowering of vehicles in car garage and other places where the need applies. The essence is to reduce stress encountered during lifting and lowering operation.
Generally, most of the screw jacks seen around our society today are manually operated. The manual operation of this device courses stress on the user. Based on this project, we consider designing a screw jack that will be automated.
Need of Automation:
I. To achieve mass production.
ii. To reduce human effort.
iii. To increase the efficiency of the jack.
iv. To reduce the work load.
v. To reduce the production cost.
vi. To reduce the production time.
vii. To reduce the material handling.
viii. To reduce the fatigue of workers.
ADVANTAGES
(a) MOTORIZED SCREW JACK
An advantage of this type of jacks over some other types of jack is that they are self-locking, which means when the rotational force on the screw is removed, it will remain motionless where it was left and will not rotate backwards, regardless of how much load it is supporting. This makes them inherently safer than hydraulic jacks, for example, which will move backwards under load if the force on the hydraulic actuator is accidentally released.
1. The loaded light vehicles can be easily lifted.
2. Checking and cleaning are easy, because the main parts are screwed.
3. Handling is easy.
4. No Manual power required.
5. Easy to Repair.
6. Replacement of parts is easy.
(b) BATTERY JUMPER
I. No need of carrying the car to garage.
ii. Portable battery jumper helps to start the car in rainy season.
iii. Less maintenance required.
iv. Low cost.
(a) MOTORIZED SCREW JACK
Screw jacks are limited in their lifting capacity. Increasing load increases friction within the screw threads. A fine pitch thread, which would increase the advantage of the screw, also reduces the size and strength of the threads.
Longer operating levers soon reach a point where the lever will simply bend at their inner end.
1. Cost of the equipment is high when compared to ordinary hand jack.
2. Care must be taken for the handling the equipment such as proper wiring connection battery charging checkup, etc.
(b) BATTERY JUMPER
1. Operation of a lead-acid battery may, in case of overcharge, produce flammable hydrogen gas by electrolysis of water inside the battery.
2. Jumper cables should not be used to interconnect between different voltage systems. Connecting 6 V and 12 V systems together may cause damage.
3. If the dead battery is physically damaged, has a low electrolyte level, is decayed or frozen, a jump start will not repair the battery.
4. A vehicle with a frozen battery should not be jump started, as the battery may explode.