14-07-2012, 12:26 PM
METHODOLOGY
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INTRODUCTION
Electricity is the modern man’s most convenient and useful form of energy without which the present social infrastructure would not be feasible. The increase in per capita production is the reflection of the increase in the living standard of people. When importance of electricity is on the increasing side, then how much should theft of this energy or illegal consumption of power from the transmission lines is averted? Power theft has become a great challenge to the electricity board. The dailies report that Electricity Board suffers a total loss of 8 % in revenue due to power theft every year, which has to control.
FUNCTION OF THE BLOCK DIAGRAM
Energy meter-
This meter is specially designed for sending the IR signals. In every 1/10 unit it will send a pulse to the MCU. The MCU will take this signal for 1 minute to compare.
The SCU(signal Conditioning Unit)-
This is an amplifier which increase the strength of the signal to such a level that the ADC will convert it in to digital format.
ADC (Analogue to digital converter)-
Due to the digital device the MCU only receive the digital signal. So the incoming analogue signal from SCU will converted to digital format by this unit. Here the serial ADC is used.
Microcontroller-
Here the reprogrammable flash memory type microcontroller is used. The microcontroller from Atmel is utilizing here. The program is loaded to the flash memory of the MCU to compare the 3 signal coming from the 3 meter. According to that it will send the output signal to different section.
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations.