05-05-2012, 11:20 AM
MODERN POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. From generating stations electric power is delivered to consumers via transmission system and distribution system.
Distribution Substations may be on the surface in fenced enclosures (outdoor), or High-rise buildings may have indoor substations. But in areas where land is costly, gas insulated substations may save money overall. Type of distribution system is Ring main system and the conductors may be over head conductors or under ground cables.
Power distribution systems have grown in size and complexity in the last decade. For example, the consumer base in Andhra Pradesh has reached 13.6 million, which is twice the figure in 1990s. With increase in volume of workload, the technologies also should change. So our government has been taking forward steps to start "Modernization of distribution system" starting with Metros and rolling it out gradually to towns and villages.
In our project we have studied the different types of substations and the electrical equipments in it and Modern power distribution system for densely populated areas.
An integrated modern distribution system enables utilities to have real time control over the costly energy sold, improved efficiency, better reliability, planned control actions, optimum power factor, and reduction in losses. It enables online energy audit, which is now receiving the focused attention of all utilities.