23-06-2014, 03:09 PM
Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection And Messaging System Using GPS and GSM Modems
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Abstract
The aim of our work is to find the vehicle accident location by means of sending a message using a system which is placed inside of vehicle system. The main purpose is to provide security to the vehicle in very reasonable cost. So in this work we are using the basic microcontroller AT89C52 for cost effective and also for easy understanding. Here we used assembly programming for better accuracy and GPS and GSM modules which helps to trace the vehicle anywhere on the globe. The exact location of the vehicle is sent to our remote devices (mobile phones) using GSM modem
INTRODUCTION
Road accidents constitute the major part of the accident deaths all over the world. According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS), new cars and its high-tech safety features have helped to lessen auto related deaths over the past 12 years. Though it credits technology for lessening auto accidents, yet the IIHS cannot help accusing bad driving behaviours like drunken driving, speeding and not using seatbelts for still causing major traffic deaths. Automatic vehicle accident detection and messag-ing system is an embedded intelligence implanted into the auto-mobile.
The purpose of the project is to find the vehicle where it is and locate the vehicle by means of sending a message using a system which is placed inside of vehicle system Most of the times we may not be able to find accident location because we don’t know where accident will happen. In order to give treatment for in-jured people, first we need to know where the accident hap-pened through location tracking and sending a message to your related one or to the emergency services. So in this work we are using the basic microcontroller AT89C52 for cost effective and also for easy understanding. Here we used assembly program-ming for better accuracy and GPS and GSM modules which helps to trace the vehicle anywhere on the globe. The exact location of the vehicle is sent
WORKING PRINCIPLE
DENT DETECTION AND MESSAGING SYSTEM using GPS and GSM technologies. We are using AT89C52 microcontroller in our project. When the system is switched on, LED will be ON indicating that power is supplied to the circuit. When the IR sen-sors that we are using in our project sense any obstacle, they send interrupt to microcontroller. The GPS receives the location of the vehicle that met with an accident and gives the information back. This information will be sent to a mobile number through a mes-sage. This message will be received using GSM modem present in the circuit. The message will give the information of longitude and latitude values. Using these values the position of the vehicle can be estimated.
Modem performs modulation during transmission and performs demodulation during reception. GSM modem is similar to mobile phone without any display, keypad, and speakers. It can send and receive messages and calls. The data will be sent to MAX232 IC through RS232 cable.MAX232 synchronizes the baud rates of modem and microcontroller. It also converts RS 232 voltage lev-els to TTL voltage levels and vice versa. In RS 232 , Logic 0 is represented in between +3 volts to +25 volts, Logic 1 is repre-sented in between -3 to -25 volts. In TTL logic 0 is represented as zero volts logic 1 is represented as +5 volts. Microcontroller sup-ports TTL voltage levels rather than RS 232 voltage levels. The received data is given to the microcontroller. Correspondingly it gives an acknowledgement in the form of an SMS to the mobile phone. LCD
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
GSM is a digital mobile telephone system that is widely used in Europe and other parts of the world. GSM uses a variation of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and is the most widely used of the three digital wireless telephone technolo-gies (TDMA, GSM, and CDMA). GSM digitizes and compress-es data, then sends it down a channel with two other streams of user data, each in its own time slot. It operates at either the 900 MHz or 1,800 MHz frequency band.
GSM is the de facto wireless telephone standard in Europe. GSM has over one billion users worldwide and is available in 190 countries. Since many GSM network operators have roam-ing agreements with foreign operators, users can often contin-ue to use their mobile phones when they travel to other coun
AT89S52 Microcontroller
The AT89S52 is a low power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compati-ble with the industry- standard 80C51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be re-programmed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller, which provides a highly flexible and cost-effective solution to many embed-ded control applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard features.
• Compatible with MCS-51® Products
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
• Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
RS-232
Information being transferred between data processing equipment and peripherals is in the form of digital data which is transmitted in either a serial or parallel mode. Parallel communications are used mainly for connections between test instruments or computers and printers, while serial is often used between computers and other peripherals. Serial trans-mission involves the sending of data one bit at a time, over a single communications line. In contrast, parallel communica-tions require at least as many lines as there are bits in a word being transmitted (for an 8-bit word, a minimum of 8 lines are needed).Serial transmission is beneficial for long distance communications, whereas parallel is designed for short dis-tances or when very high transmission rates are required
CONCLUSION
working model of Automatic vehicle accident detection and messaging system using a GPS and GSM modems has been implemented successfully.
The biggest advantage of our research is, whenever the sensor is activated we will be immediately getting the acknowledgement from GSM modem to our mobile numbers which are stored in EEPROM, without any delay. This system locates the accident spot accurately, realizing the automation of accident detection and messaging system. Consequently, it will save the precious time required to save the accident vic-tims. Further this system can be implemented using the vibra-tion sensors as well as the sound sensors, in order to make it more accurate and efficient to detect an accident