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ABSTRACT
In business a product could have a shorter life if it can't win the hearts of people and showcase new technology, so take the case of Nokia, who is coming up with the Nokia Morph flexible mobile phone which the company claims include nanotechnology and would immensely benefit its end-users. The main benefit of Nanotechnology is that its components are flexible, transparent and extremely strong. The company believes this latest technology would be a distinctive phone by 2015, but a few technical glitches remained to be solved, like the use of new battery materials etc.
Nokia morph is a joint technology concept, developed by nokia research center (NRC) and the University of Cambridge (UK). The morph demonstrate how future mobile device might be stretchable and flexible, allowing the user to transform their mibile devices into radically different shaped . It demonstrate the ultimately that nanotechnology might be capable of delivering: flexible material, transparent electrononcs and self-cleaning surface.
Nanotechnology enables materials and components that are flexible,stretchable, transparent and remarkably strong. Fibril proteins are woven into three dimensional mesh that reinforces thin elastic structures.Using the same principle behind spider silk, this elasticity enables the device to literally changes shapes and configure itself to adapt to the task at hand.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The Morph concept
Launched alongside The Museum of Modern Art “Design and The Elastic Mind” exhibition, the Morph concept device is a bridge between highly advanced technologies and their potential benefits to end-users. This device concept showcases some revolutionary leaps being explored by Nokia Research Center (NRC) in collaboration with the Cambridge Nanoscience Centre (United Kingdom) – nanoscale technologies that will potentially create a world of radically different devices that open up an entirely new spectrum of possibilities.
Morph concept technologies might create fantastic opportunities for mobile devices:
• Newly-enabled flexible and transparent materials blend more seamlessly with the way we live
• Devices become self-cleaning and self-preserving
• Transparent electronics offering an entirely new aesthetic dimension
• Built- in solar absorption might charge a device, whilst batteries become smaller, longer lasting and faster to charge
• Integrated sensors might allow us to learn more about the environment around us, empowering us to make better choices
In addition to the advances above, the integrated electronics shown in the Morph concept could cost less and include more functionality in a much smaller space, even as interfaces are simplified and usability is enhanced. All of these new capabilities will unleash new applications and services that will allow us to communicate and interact in unprecedented ways.
1.1 HISTORY
I remember whe n the Apple iPhone came out. I had a deep sense that there was no way I’d buy a normal mobile phone ever again. I also started thinking: what comes next? Well it looks like I’ve found the answer over at Nokia HQ. In fact, if you are in New York you can go along and see the future of mobile phones right now at The Museum of Modern Art. Nokia Research Centre and the University of .3.Cambridge’s Nanoscience Centre have launched Morph, a joint nanotech concept. This device concept showcases some revolutionary leaps being explored by Nokia Research Center (NRC) in collaboration with the Cambridge Nanoscience Centre (United Kingdom) – Nanoscale technologies that will potentially create a world of radically different devices that open up an entirely new spectrum of possibilities.
• Invitation to contribute to Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in April 2007
• Brainstorming in Cambridge in June 2007; Nokia Research Centre, Nokia Design and University of Cambridge
• First concepts to MoMA in August 2007.
• MoMA exhibition in February 2008
1.2 ABOUT
1.2.1 Nokia Morph
Morph is a concept that demonstrates how future mobile devices might be stretchable and flexible, allowing the user to transform their mobile device into radically different shapes. It demonstrates the ultimate functionality that nanotechnology might be capable of delivering: flexible materials, transparent electronics and self-cleaning surfaces.The device, which is made using nanotechnology, is intended to demonstrate how cell phones in the future could be stretched and bent into different shapes, allowing users to “morph” their devices into whatever shape they want. Want to wear your cell phone as a bracelet? No problem, just bend it around your wrist.
Even though Morph is still in early development, Nokia believes that certain elements of the device could be used in high-end Nokia devices within the next seven years. And as the technology matures, nanotechnology could eventually be incorporated into Nokia’s entire line of products to help lower manufacturing costs. Nokia Morph is truly an absolutely wonderful gadget with flexible bending and wearing options and surely the best in the gadgets segment from the house of Nokia
1.2.2 What is Nanotechnology?
A basic definition: Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the
molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced.
In its original sense, 'nanotechnology' refers to the projected ability to construct items from the bottom up, using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, high performance products.
Nanotechnology may one day lead to low cost manufacturing solutions, and offers the possibility of integrating complex functionality at a low price. Nanotechnology also can be leveraged to create self-cleaning surfaces on mobile devices, ultimately reducing corrosion, wear and improving longevity. Nanostructured surfaces, such as “Nanoflowers” naturally repel water, dirt, and even fingerprints utilizing effects also seen in natural systems.
1.2.3 Molecular nanotechnology:
Molecular nanotechnology, sometimes called molecular manufacturing, describes engineered nanosystems (nanoscale machines) operating on the molecular scale. Molecular nanotechnology is especially associated with the molecular assembler, a machine that can produce a desired structure or device atom-by-atom using the principles of mechanosynthesis. Manufacturing in the context of productive nanosystems is not related to, and should be clearly distinguished from, the conventional technologies used to manufacture nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles.
When the term "nanotechnology" was independently coined and popularized by Eric Drexler (who at the time was unaware of an earlier usage by Norio Taniguchi) it referred to a future manufacturing technology based on molecular machine systems. The premise was that molecular scale biological analogies of traditional machine components demonstrated molecular machines were possible: by the countless examples found in biology, it is known that sophisticated, stochastically optimised biological machines can be produced..
It is hoped that developments in nanotechnology will make possible their construction by some other means, perhaps using biomimetic principles. However, Drexler and other researchers[6] have proposed that advanced nanotechnology, although perhaps initially implemented by biomimetic means, ultimately could be based on mechanical engineering principles, namely, a manufacturing technology based on the mechanical functionality of these components (such as gears, bearings, motors, and structural members) that would
enable programmable, positional assembly to atomic specification.[7] The physics and engineering performance of exemplar designs were analyzed in Drexler's book
Nanosystems.
In general it is very difficult to assemble devices on the atomic scale, as all one has to position atoms are other atoms of comparable size and stickiness. Another view, put forth by Carlo Montemagno,[8] is that future nanosystems will be hybrids of silicon technology and biological molecular machines. Yet another view, put forward by the late Richard Smalley, is that mechanosynthesis is impossible due to the difficulties in mechanically manipulating individual molecules.
This led to an exchange of letters in the ACS publication Chemical & Engineering News in 2003.[9] Though biology clearly demonstrates that molecular machine systems are possible, non-biological molecular machines are today only in their infancy. Leaders in research on non-biological molecular machines are Dr. Alex Zettl and his colleagues at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories and UC Berkeley. They have constructed at least three distinct molecular devices whose motion is controlled from the desktop with changing voltage: a nanotube nanomotor, a molecular actuator,[10] and a nanoelectromechanical relaxation oscillator.[11]
An experiment indicating that positional molecular assembly is possible was performed by Ho and Lee at Cornell University in 1999. They used a scanning tunneling microscope to move an individual carbon monoxide molecule (CO) to an individual iron atom (Fe) sitting on a flat silver crystal, and chemically bound the CO to the Fe by applying a voltage.
1.2.4 Collaboration Between NRC and University of Cambridge
The partnership between Nokia and the University of Cambridge was announced in March, 2007 - an agreement to work together on an extensive and long term programme of joint research projects. NRC has established a research facility at the University's West Cambridge site and collaborates with several departments - initially the
Nanoscience Center and Electrical Division of the Engineering Department - on projects that, to begin with, are centered on nanotechnology.
With the ability of the phone to take on a variety of shapes and sizes, most people may not need to change phones so often as they currently have been doing so every 1.5 years on average. According to Nokia, it would take seven years before Morph phones are available at consumer markets.
The Morph concept technology carries numerous interesting features for future mobile evices.
1. Newly-enabled flexible transparent materials blend more seamlessly with the way we live.
2. Devices become self-cleaning and self-preserving.
3. Transparent electronics offering an entirely new aesthetic dimension.
4. Built- in solar absorption might charge a device, whilst batteries become smaller, longer lasting and faster to charge.
5. Integrated sensors might allow us to learn more about the environment around us, empowering us to make better choices.
In addition to the advances above, the integrated electronics would cost less and include more functionality in a much smaller space, even as interfaces are simplified and usability is enhanced.
Mobile phones like Nano Morph certainly depict the upcoming Nano Technology and it will surely be a front-runner in the use of various gadgets and technologies be it Computers, Air Conditioners, Robots, Cars or like this one viz Mobile phones and smartphones.
1.2.5 About University of Cambridge Nano Research Center
In Nanoscience Centre is an 1800m² research facility completed in January 2003 and located at the north east corner of the University's West Cambridge Site. The Centre provides open access to over 300 researchers from a variety of University Departments to the nanofabrication and characterisation facilities housed in a combination of Clean
Rooms and low noise laboratories. Office space is primarily home to the Department of Engineering’s Nanoscience Group, technical and administrative staff and members of other research groups who require long term access to facilities.