29-10-2012, 11:17 AM
SMS BASED AUTOMATION SYSTEM
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Introduction:
India is a rapidly developing country in terms of technology and nearly everyone has a personal mobile phone. Appliance control system is the new way of making our appliances practically run themselves. There are so many things you can set up to run automatically and the benefits are great as well. Since the first step of our project is real-time controlling of the status changes of the devices that we control in the house or work place, the systems that we design should have the capability of warning the users no matter where they are right at the time at which the changes occur. Thus, our main objective of using GSM (global system for mobile communication) network for the communication between the devices and the users (and vice versa) is its wide spread coverage which makes the whole system online for almost all the time.
Appliance or device control surrounding by us is a result of an attempt to enhance the standards of living around and inside the house or working place and were made possible by the breakthrough in the area of integrated circuits and microprocessors and microcontrollers. These systems provide the consumers with increased security and safety, economic benefit through energy control, and convenience by giving them control over every piece of any electrical equipment in our requirements.
Designing a system for security and controlling various devices in remote locations can be done through a variety of communications options such as wireless LAN technologies, dial –up modems, private radio networks, satellite communication, Internet, cellular network and so on. Different studies work on different types of these controlling methods. In our project we proposed one remote controlling method which is via GSM/SMS network. Other advantages of using GSM systems in automation of irrigation systems are its low cost compared to other communication methods (such as satellite communication),and that it has a very high security infrastructure so the information we send or receive cannot be reached by an outsider. Although using GSM network has all these important advantages over other communication methods, it would be a tedious, time and money consuming work for the user to use his mobile phone each time he needs to communicate with the system when we think of the indoor life.
Need For Automation:
In a country like India, where the economy is mainly based on agriculture and the climatic conditions are isotropic, still we are not able to make full use of agricultural resources This problem can be perfectly rectified if we use automatic microcontroller based irrigation system in which we use relays to turn motor ON and OFF. These relays may be easily automated by using controllers. This allows farmers to operate the motor, regardless of the availability of labour to turn valves on and off.
The module can be designed using a microcontroller and GSM. If the farmer wants to switch ON the motor he just needs to give an SMS to the particular mobile terminal which is implemented near the motor. Microcontroller checks whether the message is coming from authenticated person, if it matches it will start the motor. If the password doesn’t match then no action will be taken. Another very important reason is unplanned use of water due to which a significant amount of water goes waste.
Embedded System:
An embedded system can be defined as a computing device that can do a specific focus job. Applications such as air conditioners, VCD player, DVD player, printer, fax machine, mobile phone etc are examples of embedded systems.
In contrast the desktop/laptop computer is a general purpose computer. We can use it for a variety of applications such as playing games, word processing, accounting, software development and so on. Where as the software in the embedded systems are always fixed.
ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit:
The high-performance AVR ALU operates in direct connection with all the 32 general purpose working registers. Within a single clock cycle, arithmetic operations between general purpose registers or between a register and an immediate are executed. The ALU operations are divided into three main categories – arithmetic, logical, and bit-functions. Some implementations of the architecture also provide a powerful multiplier supporting both signed/unsigned multiplication and fractional format. See the “Instruction Set” section for a detailed description.
Status Register :
The Status Register contains information about the result of the most recently executed arithmetic instruction. This information can be used for altering program flow in order to perform conditional operations. Note that the Status Register is updated after all ALU operations, as specified in the Instruction Set Reference. This will in many cases remove the need for using the dedicated compare instructions, resulting in faster and more compact code.