28-09-2013, 02:42 PM
Protocols and the TCP/IP Suite
Protocols .ppt (Size: 656 KB / Downloads: 18)
Introduction
Layered protocol architecture
TCP/IP protocol suite
OSI reference model
Internetworking
The Need for a Protocol Architecture
Procedures to exchange data between devices can be complex
High degree of cooperation required between communicating systems
Example: File transfer
Requires a data path to exist
Tasks:
Activate data communication path
Source determines that destination is ready
File transfer app destination file management app is ready store file for user
File format conversion
Layered Protocol Architecture
modules arranged in a vertical stack
Each layer in stack:
Performs related functions
Relies on lower layer for more primitive functions
Provides services to next higher layer
Communicates with corresponding peer layer of neighboring system using a protocol
TCP and UDP
TCP:
connection-oriented
Reliable packet delivery in sequence
UDP:
connectionless (datagram)
Unreliable packet delivery
Packets may arrive out of sequence or duplicated
Operation of TCP and IP
IP implemented in end systems and routers, relaying data between hosts
TCP implemented only in end systems, assuring reliable delivery of blocks of data
Each host on subnetwork has unique IP address
Each process on each process has unique IP port number
Routers
Provide link between networks
Accommodate network differences:
Addressing schemes
Maximum packet sizes
Hardware and software interfaces
Network reliability