05-05-2012, 02:37 PM
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF MOBILITY MANAGEMENT IN MOBILEIP NETWORKS
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INTRODUCTION
IP multimedia applications are becoming popular in the packet-based wireless networks. The integration of these applications in wireless networks requires the support of seamless terminal mobility. Mobile IP (MIP) has been proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to provide global mobility in IP networks [1]. It allows maintaining mobile terminals ongoing communications while moving through IP network. In the MIP protocol, Mobile Terminal (MT) registers with its home network from which it gets a permanent address (home address). This address is stored in the Home Agent (HA). It is used for identification and routing purpose. If MT moves outside the home network visiting a foreign network, it maintains its home address and obtains a new one from the Foreign Agent (FA).
MULTICAST HIERARCHICAL MOBILE IP
In this approach, we propose to build hierarchical multicast
groups. In each group, FAs are connected to each other
through a GFA. A set of GFAs are connected to an HA. When
an MT moves through FAs belonging to the same group, the
GFA of this group multicasts the received packet (coming
from the HA) to the MT. When the MT moves outside a
group, the new CoA is registered to the GFA of the new group
to which the MT is currently belonging. This GFA sends this
CoA to the HA. This latest tunnels the packet to the new GFA
which will multicast the received packets within the new FAs
group. This approach reduces the frequency of the location
update to the HA.
DHMIP ANALYTIC MODEL
The DHMIP mobility approach combines the path
reestablishment and the connection extension protocols. The
path reestablishment protocol is invoked to set up a new FAs
hierarchy. This protocol allows a path establishment between
the HA and a new FA in the new hierarchy. In this latest, the
path extension is used to maintain the mobile connection
when mobile moves through the Fas belonging to this
hierarchy. The path reestablishment may occur after each new
FAs hierarchy setup.
MIP ANALYTIC MODEL
The MIP mobility approach is based only on the path reestablishment protocol. This latest allows maintaining the call connectivity when the MT moves between FAs. In this case, events that may occur at each time i ¼ 1; 2; . . . are 1) path reestablishment and 2) call termination. Let . qa be the probability that there is an inter-FAs handoff and thus a partial reestablishment, . L be the number of links between the FA to which the MT is attached and the remote end point with which the MT is communicating, and . Lr be the number of links between the HA and the new FA to which the MT moved (e.g., the number of links between the HA and the FA3 following the handoff from FA1 to FA3 in Fig. 1). L and Lr are random variables with general distributions and with mean L and Lr, respectively.
MHMIP ANALYTIC MODEL
The MHMIP mobility approach is based on the path reestablishment and the multicast protocols. When the MT moves within a GFA group, the mobile connection is maintained using the multicast protocol. When the MT moves outside this hierarchy, a combination of the path Re establishment and the multicast protocols allows maintaining the call’s connection. Events that may occur at each time i ¼ 1; 2; . . . are
1) path reestablishment and
2) 2) call termination.
We define q0a as the probability that there is an inter- GFAs handoffs and thus path reestablishments such as q0a ¼ _qa with 0 _ _ _ 1. _ is the fraction of inter-GFAs MHMIP handoffs on the whole possible handoffs qa (intra and inter-GFAs).