23-08-2014, 09:55 AM
POWER GENERATION FROM SPEED BREAKERS SEMINAR REPORT
POWER GENERATION.pptx (Size: 407.96 KB / Downloads: 29)
introduction
A large amount of energy is wasted at the speed breakers through friction , every time a vehicle passes over it.
So electricity can be generated using the vehicle weight (potential energy) as input.
So, this is a small step to try to improve this situation
Possible using different mechanisms
spring coil mechanism
Rack- Pinion mechanism
Crank-shaft mechanism
Roller mechanism
Spring coil mechanism
Working principle
Conversion of mechanical energy to pneumatic energy which is converted to electical energy
Construction of the speed breaker
Here we are making the speed breaker of vibrating type, when a vehicle crosses the speed breaker, it gets pressed and then it gets back to its original position.
Design of the speEd breaker
The material used in construction of speed breakers is steel.
The shape of speed breaker is trapezoidal
CONSTRUCTION OF THE TRENCH
Height: 0.35m
Length : 4m
Width :0.45m
The bottom layer of the trench is filled with concrete or with wooden plates of 0.5m.
This is for cushion effect.
CONTINUED
Maximum load on the speed breaker is when the vehicle is on the middle of the speed breaker.
When the load is on the speed breaker, the volume of air compressed by it is found by,
Volume of compressed air = Volume of air in base – Volume of spring
= (x m^3)/s
nozzle
The diameter of the inlet of nozzle must be greater than outlet.
Here the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy i.e pressure→high velocity.
This high velocity compressd air when hits the impeller ,makes it to rotate.
runner
It consists of a circular disc on the periphery of which have number of buckets evenly spaced are fixed. Each bucket is divided in to 2 symmetrical parts by a dividing wall is know as splitter.
When the air strikes the runner ,it rotates & continues rotation due to inertia.
alternator
An electrical generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy in to electrical energy.
The output of the alternator is used to light the street lights & is rectified & stored in batteries.
Rack-pinion mechanism
PRINCIPLE
MECHANICAL ENERGY IS CONVERTED TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Constructional details
The various machine elements used in the construction of power hump are
RACK-PINION
SPROCKETS
GEARS
FLY WHEEL
SHAFT
ELECTRIC GENERATOR
Flywheel
This is used to regulate the energy and maintain the energy at an uniform level so that the shaft rotate at an uniform r.p.m
Working procedure
Here the reciprocating motion of the speed-breaker is converted into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement.
Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion, but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion.
CONTINUED
The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket arrangement.
The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a gear arrangement.
Finally the gear arrangement is coupled with the generator
Scope and Uses
This mechanism is very economical and easy to install.
Two protocols of this type of speed breakers are developed in India .not practically implemented till date.
Practically implemented in New Jersy,China and Indonesia.
Lots of researches and investgations are going on to practically utilise this technique
Conclusion
The existing source of energy such as coal, oil etc may not be adequate to meet the ever increasing energy demands. These conventional sources of energy are also depleting and may be exhausted.
These are some non-conventional methods of producing energy. This project is a one step to path of exploring the possibilities of energy from several non-conventional energy sources.