A deep foundation is a type of foundation that transfers construction loads to the ground below the surface of a shallow foundation, to an underground layer or to a range of depths. A stack or stack is a vertical structural element of a deep foundation, driven or drilled deep into the floor at the construction site.
A pile is basically a long cylinder of a strong material like concrete that is pushed into the ground to act as a constant support for structures built on top of it.
Battery bases are used in the following situations:
1. When there is a weak soil layer on the surface. This layer can not support the weight of the building, so building loads have to pass over this layer and be transferred to the stronger soil layer or rock that is below the weak layer.
2. When a building has very heavy and concentrated loads, such as in a high-rise structure, bridge or water tank.
Stack bases are deep foundations used when the site has a low loose bearing stratum which makes it necessary to transfer the load to a deeper layer by friction or beginning of the end bearing. The foundations provide support to the structures by transferring the load to the rock or layers of soil having sufficient bearing capacity and suitable settling characteristics. There is a very wide range of types of foundations available that are suitable for different applications. Foundations are classified primarily as deep foundations and deep foundations.