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OVERVIEW
A scheme of Electricity billing system called “PREPAID ENERGY METER WITH TARIFF INDICATOR” can facilitate in improved cash flow management in energy utilities and can reduces problem associated with billing consumer living in isolated area and reduces deployment of manpower for taking meter readings. Every consumer can buy a memory card (is nothing but an EEPROM IC) with a password stored inside it using a MC program. The memory card is available at various ranges (ie. Rs 50, Rs 100, Rs 200 etc…).In our project we have given the name for memory card as smart card. When the consumer insert a smart card into the card reader which is connected in “prepaid energy meter with tariff indicator” kit. Then the card reader will read the stored information and delete the information from the EEPROM IC (smart card) using the MC program. So that the smart card cannot be reused by others. Suppose if a consumer buys a card for Rs.50/- he / she can insert this amount through the card reader so that prepaid energy meter with tariff indicator kit will be activated. According to the power consumption the amount will be reduced. When the amount is over, the relay wills automatically shutdown the whole system. In our project we also have a provision to give an alarm sound to consumer before the whole amount is reduced.
The scope of the project work is to introduce advanced technology in converting dc voltage in to ac voltage and introducing prepaid energy metering concept.
The energy meter used in this project work produces pulses according to the load and this meter is converted as prepaid energy meter using smart card, hence this meter can be called smart energy meter.
This kind of smart energy meters also can be installed at each and every house, where the state electricity department going to supply the conventional energy. Now a day’s energy Measurement and electric energy pilferage detection has become prime importance for the state electricity department.
With the help of this project work lot of Manpower can be reduced and power pilferage can be controlled. The overall system can be called as AMR (Automatic Meter reading) system, the main advantage of AMR system is that the consumed energy price can be calculated and at the same time price (amount in rupees) can be displayed automatically.
Finally the simplest form of smart metering is a display meter, which allows consumers to monitor consumption in money terms rather than kWh.
1.2 Why Prepayment – Energy Supplier?
• Pay before use
• Keep customers on supply
• Recover money owed (debt)
• Lower Overheads
• No bill production
• No bill distribution
• No need to chase payments
• No further actions such as disconnections
1.3 Why Prepayment – The Customer?
• No Bills
• No hidden surprises
• No having to find the money
• No billing errors
• No socially unacceptable
• Disconnections
3.1 Circuit Description
There are mainly two types of circuits:
3.1.1 Card programmer:
Card programmer is based on AT 89c2051 controller. it recharges the card to Rs.50,100,150,200,250 etc…by using the 4*3 matrix keypad we can get the card programmed
Card is simply an AT24C02 EEPROM chip. it is a 2-wire Serial Interface chip.
How to program a new card?
1. For making a unit price card for Rs 2.50
1.Insert the card into the Programmer
Dial 1*0250#
The format is
1 for unit price
*for start process
0 Higher digit of the unit price
2 lower digot of the unit price
5 Higher digit of the unit paise
0 lower digot of the unit paise
The red led will blink for every key press
If the programming done sucessfully then the Green led will long Blink finally.
If it fails then the RED led will give a long blink
2. For making a Recharge card for Rs 400
Insert the card into the Programmer
Dial 2*0400#
The red led will blink for every key press
If the programming done sucessfully then the Green led will long Blink finally.
If it fails then the RED led will give a long blink.
3.1.2 Main circuit:
Here in this circuit we have used 89s52 micro controller. This circuit takes data from the card reader whenever we enter a card in to it and view the status of the card on the lcd display.
Lcd display shows us the status of the card and what amount left on the card and if the card is with the totally empty amount then it will shows “Please Recharge The Card”
& if the card has sufficient amount then it microcontroller gives the control to the meter & connect the whole path of the ckt & the current gets started flowing & we have used bulb as a load it will blow.
3.2 LIST OF COMPONENTS
AT 89s52 microcontroller
AT89c2051microcontroller
IC AT24c02
IC ULN2003
4*3 matrix keypad
16*2 LCD display
MCT2E 1 Ph meter
Buzzer
Resisters, capacitors,
12 v/30 A Relay