04-06-2012, 12:13 PM
Power Theft Detection With using PLC
Biomolecular electronics offer significant promise in
addressing some of the interest limitations of semi conductor
architectures.
Molecular electronics is an emerging field that lies at the
interface of chemical physics, bio physics, electrical engineering
and physics, bio physics, electrical engineering and solid state
science. It involves the encoding manipulation and retrieval of
information at a macromolecular level in contrast to current
techniques.
Molecular electronics not only represents the final
technological state in the miniaturisation of the Computer
circuitry, it also provides promising new methodologies for high
speed signal processing, holographic associative memories and
three dimensional optical memories.
As mentioned earlier the computer industries are on the
process of making the individual components on semi
conductor devices competitively smaller. These small chips
essentially consists of arrays of switches usually of the kind
known as logic gates that flip between two states designated as
‘0’ and ‘1’ in response to the changes in electric currents
passing through them.
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There is a serious road block in miniaturization, that is the
increase in the price of production by a factor of five, for every
factor of two in miniaturization. At some points the search for
even smaller electronic devices may be limited by economics
rather than physics.
All those problems are over come by the use of biological
molecules as the active components in biological molecules as
the active components in Computer circuitry.
Molecules can potentially serve as Computer switches
because their atoms are mobile and change position in a
predictable way. If we can direct that atomic motion and there
by consistently generate at least two discrete states in a
molecule, we can use each state to represent either a ‘0’ or ‘1’.
Such switches offer reduction in the size of hardware because
they are themselves small by about one thousand the size of
semi conductor transistors used today as gates.
Indeed a biomolecular Computer could in principle be one
fiftieth the size of a present day semi conductor Computer
composed of similar number of logic elements. Protein based
Computers could theoretically operate 100 times faster than
modern Computers.
Researchers have introduced parallel processing
architectures, which allow multiple sets of data to be
manipulated simultaneously. In order to expand memory
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capacities they are devising hardware that stores data in three
dimensions instead of the usual two, and scientists have built
the neural networks that mimic the learning by association
capabilities of the brain, an ability necessary for significant
progress towards artificial intelligence.
Although no Computer components made entirely or partly
from proteins are on the market yet; on going international
research efforts are making exciting headway.
Liquid crystal display technology offers a prime example of
a hybrid system that has achieved commercial success. Most
laptop Computers today depend on LCD’s which combine
semiconductor devices and organic molecules to control the
intensity of the image on the screen.
Several biological molecules are under consideration for
use in Computer hardware but the bacterial protein
“BACTERTORHODOSPIN” has generated the maximum interest.
This protein is by no means the only photochemically active
biological material capable of storing and manipulating data but
it has received significantly more attention than others. Other
proteins under study include the visual pigment rhodospin,
photosynthetic reaction centers, phycobiliproteins,
phytochromes.