25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
Project planning in construction of building
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INTRODUCTION:
Strategic management plays a major role in any off-site construction project; it is used by the organizations to plan for the future using a range of analysis techniques and Decision-making processes (David Pollard and Sabine Hotho, 2006). Strategic management is defined as “the process whereby goals and objectives are identified, policies are formulated, and strategies are selected in order to achieve the overall purposes or mission of an organization”. The use of strategic management in industry, Chandler (1962) defined it as “the determination of the basic long-term goals and objectives of an enterprise and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources necessary for carrying out these goals”. A central aim of the strategic management is to help the organizations adapt and respond to environmental changes. As such, a planning process evaluates the environmental threats and opportunities as a necessary first step to strategic management i.e., SWOT analysis.
Methodology of three Principles involved at different stages of planning:
Introducing the overview of selecting manufacturer. Because the major factor of any construction industry is raw-material, which is supplied by the manufacturer. The following figure shows the major factors involved in selecting a manufacturer are:
1. Order material: As per the design, record the material required for the construction and assigning the manufacturer to manufacture the materials by considering specifications of the material.
2. Transport material: As the materials are manufactured, immediately they must be transported to the site for storing them. At this time, create a storage space; hire equipments, labours for unloading them.
3. Unload/Store material: To reduce the transportation time, unload them as soon as possible and store them in storage space with respective of environment conditions and damage prevention. The storage space must be able to prevent weather conditions, until the work starts.
4. Resources/Available material: Materials are not only the resources to start construction of building. Resources are determined by five M’s; those are men, machine, method, material and money. We should prepare methods for construction, checking the required materials and hiring equipments (cranes), skilled and semi-skilled labours at various stages. The resources are Material, Machine and labours. Manufacturer supplies the materials and contractors hire labours according to their environment. Machines are too expensive. Instead of hiring a tower crane, mobile crane gives the better results. Tower crane creates more disturbances, which affect neighbor buildings.
5. Work/construction: After a perfect preparation of resources availability, immediately work has to be start.