29-06-2012, 12:07 PM
QUANTUM TELEPORTATION
Abstract:
Teleportation is a new and exciting field of future communication. We know that security in data communication is a major concern nowadays. Among the encryption technologies that are available at present, shared key is the most reliable which depends on secure key generation and distribution. Teleportation/ Entanglement is a perfect solution for secure key generation and distribution, as for the no cloning theorem of quantum mechanics any attempt to intercept the key by the eavesdropper will be detectable immediately.
Quantum Teleportation is a process by which we can transfer the quantum state of a system and its correlation to another system. Teleportation can deliver the subtle, unscannable kind of information and this information is totally different from ordinary information. Teleportation is developed, based on the concept of Quantum Entanglement. Entangled particles act here as a channel for transformation. Teleportation/ Entanglement are exploited by parallel computing, quantum communication, cryptography technology, distributed computing etc. Of them cryptography is the prosperous field where it would be possible to use Teleportation/Entanglement in an efficient and effective way, in very near future. In classical cryptography, we can use public key encryption or shared key encryption. But public key is vulnerable to attack by quantum computer, as quantum computer would be able to factor the prime product very problem. A completely secure quantum key can be generated and distributed (for communication and decoding of encrypted messages) using entangled photons.
Any eavesdropper’s attempt to intercept the quantum key will alter the contents in a detectable way, enabling users to discard the compromised parts of the data. Research is going on to use Teleportation for Quantum Key Distribution. Quantum teleportation can be implemented with a quantum circuit that is much simpler than that required by any nontrivial quantum computational task. The state of an arbitrary qubit (quantum bit) can be teleported with as few as two quantum exclusive-or (controlled-not) gates. Thus, quantum teleportation is significantly easier to implement than quantum computing if we are concerned only with the complexity of the required circuitry. Short-distance quantum teleportation will play a role in transporting quantum information inside quantum
Computers.