13-11-2012, 12:14 PM
REDUCTION IN % OF FUEL IN THE COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURE (GASOLINE ENGINE)
REDUCTION IN FUEL CONSUMPTION.docx (Size: 152.17 KB / Downloads: 25)
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this paper is to reduce the percentage of fuel in the combustible mixture of a petrol engine while starting. This in turn reduces the fuel consumption which increases the mileage and efficiency of the engine. The idea economizes a man’s expenditure over his bike or car in this increased fuel cost circumstances that prevails today.
HIGHER FUEL COST
As we observe our nation’s economics, the cost of fuel has been increasing at a constant and faster rate over the years. When we cannot do anything with this issue, why can’t we direct our thinking towards the modifications of IC engine which leads to reduction of fuel consumption? The thought resulted in this paper.
EXISTING SCENARIO
In gasoline engine, the carburetor mixes air and fuel in certain ratio and sends it to the combustion chamber through intake manifold. The proportion of mixture depends upon on the conditions of the engine. It requires rich mixture while starting, lean mixtures of different proportions while running and idling.
PROCEDURE
The filament is placed in the top surface of the combustion chamber and the filament is connected to the battery through wires via one pole of the DPDT switch. Now before starting the engine the chamber is preheated by switching ON. This increases the suction of air inside the chamber. Automatically the % of fuel in the mixture gets reduced.
The filament is embedded in the upper surface so that clearance volume of the cylinder does not get affected. Placing the filament in the side walls is also not possible because it may disturb the reciprocating motion of the piston.
STEP UP TRANSFORMER
The required temperature in the filament is achieved using a step up transformer. We get only 12 – 16 V from the battery. So the circuit from the battery is connected to the primary winding of the step up transformer. We get required enhanced voltage as output from the secondary winding of the transformer and the output is supplied to the filament.
TEMPERATURE PARAMETERS
Using Tungsten filament we can attain any high temperature below its melting point which is so high (3695 K, 6192 °F, 3422 °C). But here we heat the filament up to certain desired temperature with the help of the battery and step up transformer circuit.
HOT SPOTS AND EMISSION OF HC AND NOx
Naturally when a heating device is kept in the chamber hot spots are produced as in intake manifold. Here, the hot spots produced by the filament do not disturb the working of chamber as the working temperature of the engine is very high when compared to the temperature of the filament. And working temperature of the chamber will not affect the filament as the melting point of tungsten is very high.
During the combustion process in the combustion chamber, we get HC and NOx emissions due to incomplete combustion. These emissions will not disturb the filament and the filament also won’t disturb the emission.
Preheating of the engine and increase in suction of air may lead to complete combustion which we still strive to get.
WORKING OF DPDT SWITCH
As said before we introduce stages in the ignition key which serves our purpose. Ignition key point is connected to the DPDT switch. In first stage the switch connects circuit which has the filament and it is let for preheating. Then the second stage connects the spark ignition circuit as usual while the circuit to the filament is opened. This is why we use a DPDT switch.
CONCLUSION
Here we use a simple procedure for increasing the suction of air in the mixture and decreasing the % of fuel. The simple concept is decrease of pressure by increasing the temperature.
Thus theoretically we conclude that pre heating of the gasoline engine makes the reduction in % of fuel in the combustible mixture. Our main aim to increase the mileage and economizing the expenditure has been achieved through this paper.