21-01-2013, 11:15 AM
ANT I- HIV USING NANO ROBOTS
ANT I- HIV.docx (Size: 822.25 KB / Downloads: 30)
ABSTRACT:
Nano robots are nanodevices that will be used for the purpose of maintaining and protecting the human body against pathogens. Nano is one billionth of one. Nanotechnology is the technology in which the operations are performed on nanometrics. It is the application of different technologies primarily interested in the reduction of size.The credential part of this paper gives the theoretical application of nanodevices in the treatment of AIDS. There is no technology for the treatment of AIDS. Some of the drugs of specific composition are given to the patients depending on the intensity of the disease. The drugs using nowadays are able to increase the lifetime to a few years only. To make the treatment more specific, we use the nanodevices that use nanosensors to sense the AIDS infected WBC’s. In this we are using nano robots to get back the HIV infected WBC’s. By doing so constant levels of WBC’s are maintained in the blood stream. Thus the AIDS patient is provided with the immune system so that he can defend himself from diseases.
INTRODUCTION:
AIDS:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), human viral disease that ravages the immune system, undermining the body’s ability to defend itself from infection and disease. Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), AIDS leaves an infected person vulnerable to opportunistic infections. Such infections are harmless in healthy people, but in those whose immune systems have been greatly weakened, they can prove fatal. Our paper aims at the removal of the virus to from the RNA of the body using the nano robots.
NANOTECHNOLOGY:
Nano is one billionth of one. Now we have the so-called microprocessors and microarray technology that would reach the nano level within a few decades, we suppose. Some call this technology to be nanotechnology and some others name it the molecular nanotechnology, to be specific.
WHAT IS A MEDICINAL NANO ROBOT ?
Nano robots are theoretical microscopic devices measured on the scale of nanometers (1nm equals one millionth of a millimeter). When fully realized from the hypothetical stage, they would work at the atomic, molecular and cellular level to perform tasks in both the medical and industrial fields that have heretofore been the stuff of science fiction Nano medicine’s nano robots are so tiny that they can easily traverse the human body. Scientists report the exterior of a nano robot will likely be constructed of carbon atoms in a diamondoid structure because of its inert properties and strength. Super-smooth surfaces will lessen the likelihood of triggering the body’s immune system, allowing the nano robots to go about their business unimpeded. Glucose or natural body sugars and oxygen might be a source for propulsion, and the nano robot will have other biochemical or molecular parts depending on its task.
IMMUNESYSTEM:
Whenever any foreign substance or agent enters our body, the immune system is activated. Both B- and T-cell members respond to the threat, which eventually results in the elimination of the substance or agent from our bodies. If the agent is one which goes inside one of our cells and remains there most of the time (intracellular pathogens like viruses or certain bacteria which require the inside of one of our cells in order to live), the "best" response is the activation of cytotoxic T-cells (circulate in the bloodstream and lymph), which eliminate the agent through killing of the cell which contains the agent (agent is otherwise "hidden"). Both of these kinds of responses (B-cell or cytotoxic T-cell) of course require specific helper T-cell biochemical information as described above. Usually, both B-cell and cytotoxic T-cell responses occur against intracellular agents which provides a two-pronged attack. Normally, these actions are wonderfully protective of us. The effect of HIV on the immune system is the result of a gradual (usually) elimination of the Th1 and Th2 helperT-cellsub-populations.
CHEMICAL ELEMENTS:
Carbon will likely be the principal element comprising the bulk of a medical nano robot, probably in the form of diamond or diamondoid/fullerene nanocomposites largely because of the tremendous strength and chemicalinertness of diamond. Many other light elements such as hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, silicon, etc. may also be used
ACQUIRING POWER:
It could metabolize local glucose and oxygen for energy. Another possibility is externally supplied acoustic power, which is probably most appropriate in a clinical setting. There are literally dozens of useful power sources that are potentially available in the human body
CONCLUSION:
The paper is just a theoretical justification. But the recent advancement in the field of nanotechnology gives the hope of the effective use of this technology in medical field. This paper starts by giving an introduction to nano robots and its importance as recognized by various other technocrats. This is the beginning of nano era and we could expect further improvements such as a medicine to AIDS using nanotechnology.