17-03-2014, 11:11 AM
RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT
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Resource
Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, it is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
Resources can be classified in the following ways–
(a) On the basis of origin – biotic and abiotic
(b) On the basis of exhaustibility – renewable
and non-renewable
© On the basis of ownership – individual,
community, national and international
(d) On the basis of status of development –
potential, developed stock and reserves
This has led to the following major problems :-
• Depletion of resources for satisfying the
greed of few individuals.
• Accumulation of resources in few hands, which, in turn, divided the society into two segments i.e. haves and have nots or rich and poor.
• Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises such as, global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation.
Resource Planning in India
(i) identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
SOIL AS A RESOURCE :- Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on earth.
CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL :- India has varied relief features, landforms, climatic realms and vegetation types. Themes have contributed in the development of various types of soils.
ALLLUVIAL SOIL :- This is the most widely spread and important soil. In fact, the entire northern plains are made of alluvial soil. These have been deposited by
three important Himalayan river systems– the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
BLACK SOIL :- These soils are black in color and are also known as recur soils. Black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is also known as black cotton soil.
RED AND YELLOW SOIL :- Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau.
LATERITE SOIL :- Laterite has been derived from the Latin word ‘later’ which means brick.
[b]ARID SOIL [/b]:- Arid soils range from red to brown in color. The are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.