18-12-2012, 06:03 PM
SINGLE PHASE CIRCUITS: POWER DEFINITIONS AND COMPONENTS
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Introduction
The definitions of power and its various components are very important to understand quantitative
and qualitative power quality aspects in power system [1]–[5]. This is not only necessary from the
point of view of conceptual clarity but also very much required for practical applications such as
metering, quantification of active, reactive power, power factor and other power quality parameters
in power system. These aspects become more important when power system is not ideal i.e. it
deals with unbalance, harmonics, faults and fluctuations in frequency. We therefore, in this chapter
explore the concept and fundamentals of single phase system with some practical applications and
illustrations.
Non-sinusoidal Voltage Source Supplying Non-linear Loads
The voltage source too may have harmonics transmitted from generation or produced due to nonlinear
loads in presence of feeder impedance. In this case, we shall consider generalized case of
non-sinusoidal voltage source supplying nonlinear loads including dc components. These voltages
and currents are represented as,