18-10-2014, 04:33 PM
SMART GRID
TECHNOLOGY
1407985583-SmartGridppt.pdf (Size: 1.23 MB / Downloads: 89)
WHAT IS A SMART GRID?
This electric grid delivers electricity from points of
generation to consumers, and the electricity
delivery network functions via two primary systems:
the transmission system and the distribution
system. The transmission system delivers
electricity from power plants to distribution
substations, while the distribution system delivers
electricity from distribution substations to
consumers.
Building the smart grid means adding computer and
communications technology to the existing
electricity grid. With an overlay of digital
technology, the grid promises to operate more
efficiently and reliably. It can also accommodate
more solar and wind power, which are inconsistent
sources of energy that can become more reliable
with better controls. Much like computers and
routers manage the flow of bits on the Internet,
smart-grid technologies use information to optimize
the flow of electricity
Adding sensing, embedded processing and digital
communications makes the grid:
Observable
Controllable
Automated
Fully integrated
Pillars of Smart Grid
Transmission Optimization
Demand Side Management
Distribution Optimization
Asset Optimization
[b]NEED FOR A SMART GRID[/b]
Electromechanical electrical grids are inefficient networks highly prone to power
failures. It has become a stressed grid structure.
Energy demand is increasing at a faster rate than energy supply because of the
increase in population.
With the increase in energy costs, customer expectations are also increasing.
Customers want to do more to protect the environment, use less energy and
control their costs.
Also, customers are increasingly technologically savvy and expect to receive the
information to help them manage their energy usage(One of the main
characteristics of the Smart Grid is enabling customers to manage energy and
control their costs).
Greenhouse gas emissions is increasing due to the increase in energy
consumption..
COMPONENTS OF A SMART GRID
A Smart grid has two main components:
The connectivity Network
• Core Networks
• Distribution Networks
• Access Networks
Sensing and measurement
CORE NETWORK:
The Core network handles connectivity between substations and utilities’ head
offices. Technologies used for core network implementation include:
Wireline technologies
• Fiber
Wireless technologies
• WiMAX
SMART METER
Smart meters are to mutual benefit for utility and consumer.
The smart meter makes a greener difference.
FEATURES:
Communication-able to communicate with the data
management system which is placed on a server either at
the utility or at the system provider.
Smart disconnect/reconnect-allows the utility to switch off
the power remotely and to switch the power back on.
Tamper Protection- is integrated as a real time clock will
stamp any breaking of the seal.
Voltage Quality- are measured and recorded providing the
energy distributor with valuable information to perform an
efficient grid operation.
Load profile- The Utility may also take advantage of the
recorded load profile data and four quadrant measuring
for optimization of the grid load.
Shunt measuring principle-secures an accurate measuring
of consumed energy.
Tariffing- reduces power demand during peak hours
Energy Awareness- It makes it a lot easier for the
consumer to follow his energy consumption.
Power grid’s initiative towards
smart grid:
Pilot Project in Northern Region
Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the
Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area
Measurements (WAM) for Western Region
Benefits of smart grid:
Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid enables
better energy management.
Proactive management of electrical network during
emergency situations.
Better demand supply / demand response
management.
Better power quality
Reduce carbon emissions.
Increasing demand for energy : requires more
complex and critical solution with better energy
management
CONCLUSION
By using smart grid technology energy can be utilized to the maximum
and would not be wasted.
This technology also helps to save earth from the global warming.
It refers to the modernized version of the earlier traditional method of
energy supply.