05-10-2012, 01:20 PM
SOME ASPECTS CONTRIBUTING TO WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SOME ASPECTS.PPT (Size: 5.98 MB / Downloads: 45)
INTRODUCTION
WASTE-TO-ENERGY
Environmental Benefit:
WTE prevents the release of greenhouse gases (CH4, CO2, NOX, VOC)
Dual benefit: clean source of electricity and clean waste disposal
Economic Benefit:
Renewable energy
Reduction of need to landfill municipal waste
The following criteria can play a decisive role:
economic and efficient process design
global heat transfer intensification (design of heat exchanger network for maximum energy recovery)
efficient selection of utilities including combined heat and power systems (co-generation) wherever possible
using waste-to-energy systems and/or their combination with conventional ones as much as possible
IMPROVED PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT DESIGN
Minimization of total cost
(utilizing relation „p - h.t.c.”)
Obtaining optimum dimensions
Example:
Industrial unit for the thermal
treatment of polluting hydrocarbons
of synthetic solvents contained
in air (4.52 MW)
Result: up to 14% reduction of annual
total cost can be achieved
Current situation:
alternative fuels (wastes) used mainly in cement kilns
use of alternative fuels in lime production is less applied due to potential impact on product quality
practical issues of the application include waste specification, way of feeding, product quality, and emission levels
Feeding of alternative fuel:
composition: mixture of crushed plastic, textile, paper
pneumatic conveying into the kiln by special nozzle beside main burner
heating value: 24 GJ/t (compared to 39.5 GJ/t of the baseline fuel)