28-07-2014, 11:11 AM
Sardar Sarovar
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Introduction
The river Narmada, being one of the least tapped rivers in India, is the largest west flowing river in the country.
It traverses Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and meets the Gulf of Cambay covering the total length of about 1312 km having catchment of about 97,410 sq. km. out of which 85,858 square kilometer in Madhya Pradesh, 1658 square kilometer in Maharashtra and 9894 square kilometer in Gujarat.
The mean annual rainfall in the basin is 1120 mm. The annual yield is about 34.5 cu. km. Even now large portion of the water of the Narmada continues to flow to the sea unused.
In spite of the huge potential, there was hardly any development in the basin prior to independence
Inter-State differences on sharing of waters of the river prevented any concrete action even after independence. The then Ministry of Irrigation & Power in 1969, constituted the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (NWDT) to adjudicate upon the water disputes. .
As per the decision of the Tribunal in 1979, out of the 34.5 cu.km. utilizable quantum of Narmada water, Madhya Pradesh is to share 22.5 cu.km, Gujarat 11.1cu km, Rajasthan and Maharashtra to share 0.6 & 0.3 cu km respectively.
As per the award Narmada Control Authority (NCA) is to monitor the water sharing in the basin and Sardar Sarovar Construction Advisory Committee (SSCAC) is to oversee the implementation of the Sardar Sarovar Dam & Power House works.
One of the 30 dams planned on river Narmada, Sardar Sarovar Dam (SSD) is the largest structure to be built.
It has a proposed final height of 163 m (535 ft) from foundation.
The project will irrigate more than 18,000 km2 (6,900 sq mi), most of it in drought prone areas of Kutch and Saurashtra.
The dam's main power plant houses six 200 MW Francis pump-turbines to generate electricity and afford a pumped-storage capability.
The total installed capacity of the power facilities is 1,450 MW.
Critics maintain that its negative environmental impacts outweigh its benefits.
It has created discord between its government planners and the citizens group Narmada Bachao Andolan.