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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
This project is developed for a reputed construction company in the city. This company built many apartments in this city and they have a plan to construct many other apartments in the city. Presently they maintain all records manually, to keep track of sales, receipts, installments, maintenance etc., The company is constructing many apartments every year, now it is very difficult to manage all the data manually, also if some information is required urgently then to obtain this is very difficult. To solve this problem now they are looking for better alternative solution.
1.2 SYSTEM SPECIPICATION
1.2.1 HARDWARE CONFICATION
Processor : Intel Core Duo 2.0 GHz or more
RAM : 1 GB or More
Hard disk : 80GB or more
Monitor : 15” CRT, or LCD monitor
Keyboard : Normal or Multimedia
Mouse : Compatible mouse
1.2.2 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION
Front End : PHP,CMS Applications
Back End : Mysql
Operation System : Windows XP / 7
Server : XAMPP/WAMP
1.3 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
ABOUT PHP
PHP is a general-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It is among one of the first developed server-side scripting languages that is embedded into a HTML source document, rather than calling an external file to process data. Ultimately, the code is interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module which generates the resulting web page. It also has evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. PHP can be deployed on most web servers and also as a standalone shell on almost every operating system and platform free of charge. A competitor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) server-side script engine and similar languages, PHP is installed on more than 20 million websites and 1 million web servers.
PHP STANDS FOR PHP: HYPERTEXT PREPROCESSOR.
• As we said before it is a server-side scripting language.
• PHP is free and is an open source software product.
• The PHP scripts are executed on the server.
• PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Sybase, Oracle and many others.)
• PHP runs on different platforms (Unix, Linux, Windows.)
• PHP is compatible with almost all web-servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
• A PHP file can contain plain text, HTML tags and scripts
• The PHP files can have one of the following extensions: php, php3 or phtml.
WHAT DO YOU NEED?
Before you can follow the coming PHP tutorials you need to have the following:
• Access to a web server (like Apache)
• PHP and MySQL should be installed on the web server.
The easiest way is to find a cheap web hosting plan that support PHP and MySQL (most of the web-hosting providers do.) For a couple of bucks a month you can get a virtual host. The advantage is that everything is already installed and that you can share your program (that you are going to write) with the rest of the world.
If you don’t want to spend money, you can also install everything on your local machine. The easiest way is to install WAMP if you have a Windows machine and LAMP if you have a Linux machine. (WAMP = Windows Apache MySQL PHP and LAMP = Linux Apache MySQL PHP.) These packages install everything you need. Read the install manual of these packages for instructions. After installation you should have access to http://localhost in your browser.
That is all for this PHP language introduction tutorial. We hope that you will learn something from the coming PHP tutorials and as always we hope that you will let us know if something is wrong by leaving us a comment.
Before we can start coding you first need to know some basics. In this PHP language introduction tutorial you’ll find some descriptions of words you should know before you can start coding. Of course we will also look at where you can download PHP, MySQL and Apache.
PHP is probably the most popular scripting language on the web. It is used to enhance web pages. With PHP, you can do things like create username and password login pages, check details from a form, create forums, picture galleries, surveys, and a whole lot more. If you've come across a web page that ends in PHP, then the author has written some programming code to liven up the plain, old HTML.
PHP is known as a server-sided language. That's because the PHP doesn't get executed on your computer, but on the computer you requested the page from. The results are then handed over to you, and displayed in your browser. Other scripting languages you may have heard of are ASP, Python and Perl. (You don't need to know any of these to make a start on PHP. In fact, these tutorials assume that you have no programming experience at all.)
The most popular explanation of just what PHP stands for is "Hypertext Pre-processor". But that would make it HPP, surely? An alternative explanation is that the initials come from the earliest version of the program, which was called Personal Home Page Tools. At least you get the letters "PHP" in the right order!
But PHP is so popular that if you're looking for a career in the web design/web scripting industry then you just have to know it! In these tutorials, we'll get you up and running. And, hopefully, it will be a lot easier than you think.
COURSE FILES
To follow along with these tutorials, you'll need our Home and Learn Course files. These can be downloaded from the following address:
The PHP programming language is a server-side HTML embedded scripting language.
Let‘s depict the sentence. The PHP language runs on the server-side. This means that the execution (read starting) of the scripts are done on the server where the web-site is hosted. HTML embedded means that you can use PHP statements (read a piece of PHP code) from within an HTML code. PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML.
The last piece of the sentence – scripting language – is a little harder to explain, but we will give it a go. A scripting language is a form of programming language that is usually interpreted rather than compiled. In programming languages such C or C++ you compile the program (permanently) into an executable file, before you can execute the program. A program that is written in a scripting language, is interpreted one command at a time by a command interpreter (Command interpreter is in most cases an executable written in another language (for instance C/C++) than the scripting language.) Some other examples of scripting languages are Perl, Phyton, Java and Ruby.
A last note: scripting languages are also often used by applications as control or configure language. An example: Firefox is written in C/C++ and can be controlled with JavaScript.
THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW
Because PHP is an HTML embedded language you should have a basic understanding of HTML/XHTML and (a little) JavaScript. In the coming tutorials we will explain the PHP code, but we won’t explain the HTML code (at least not in great detail.)
ARCHITECTURE OF PHP
The mysqlnd replication and load balancing plugin is implemented as a PHP extension. It is written in C and operates under the hood of PHP. During the startup of the PHP interpreter, in the module init phase of the PHP engine, it gets registered as a mysqlnd plugin to replace selected mysqlnd C methods.
At PHP runtime, it inspects queries sent from mysqlnd (PHP) to the MySQL server. If a query is recognized as read-only, it will be sent to one of the configured slave servers. Statements are considered read-only if they either start with SELECT, the SQL hint /*ms=slave*/ or a slave had been chosen for running the previous query, and the query started with the SQL hint /*ms=last_used*/. In all other cases, the query will be sent to the MySQL replication master server.
For better portability, applications should use the MYSQLND_MS_MASTER_SWITCH, MYSQLND_MS_SLAVE_SWITCH, and MYSQLND_MS_LAST_USED_SWITCH predefined mysqlnd_ms constants, instead of their literal values, such as /*ms=slave*/.
The plugin handles the opening and closing of database connections to both master and slave servers. From an application point of view, there continues to be only one connection handle. However, internally, this one public connection handle represents a pool of network connections that are managed by the plugin. The plugin proxies queries to the master server, and to the slaves using multiple connections.
Database connections have a state consisting of, for example, transaction status, transaction settings, character set settings, and temporary tables. The plugin will try to maintain the same state among all internal connections, whenever this can be done in an automatic and transparent way. In cases where it is not easily possible to maintain state among all connections, such as when using BEGIN TRANSACTION, the plugin leaves it to the user to handle.
HISTORY OF PHP
PHP Tools, FI, Construction Kit, and PHP/FI
PHP as it's known today is actually the successor to a product named PHP/FI. Created in 1994 by RasmusLerdorf, the very first incarnation of PHP was a simple set of Common Gateway Interface (CGI) binaries written in the C programming language. Originally used for tracking visits to his online resume, he named the suite of scripts "Personal Home Page Tools," more frequently referenced as "PHP Tools." Over time, more functionality was desired, and Rasmus rewrote PHP Tools, producing a much larger and richer implementation. This new model was capable of database interaction and more, providing a framework upon which users could develop simple dynamic web applications such as guestbooks. In June of 1995, Rasmus » released the source code for PHP Tools to the public, which allowed developers to use it as they saw fit. This also permitted - and encouraged - users to provide fixes for bugs in the code, and to generally improve upon it.