11-08-2012, 01:10 PM
Study and categorize the generic phases of software development and maintenance
Study and categorize the generic phases .doc (Size: 411.5 KB / Downloads: 109)
Theory:
Various phases in Development Process:
Engineering and analysis, design, programs construction, validation and management of technical or social entities. In software engineering our entity is software that is to be produced so various phases for software development are:
Requirement Analysis and Specification
It is done in order to understand the problem for which software is to be developed. In requirement analyses and specification we emphasis of what i.e. what is required from system not on how the system should satisfy the needs. There are two parties in RA&S, Client and developer. The developer develops the software to satisfy the client needs. The requirement analysis and specification has two parts.
Requirement Analysis- In this we collect and analyze the data to understand the customer’s requirements and remove the inconsistencies and incompleteness. Inconsistency of a requirement is that the one part of requirement is contradictory to other parts. Incompleteness is that some part of requirement is omitted inadvertently. So the requirement analysis is to collect data and information from user to understand the problem by taking interviews and making discussions.
Requirement Specification- In this the requirement are organized and documented in a document. It addresses all the requirements like functional requirement, non-functional requirement, special requirement for maintenance and development of software. User manuals and software test plans are also prepared in this phase.
The person who handle the requirement analysis and specification is called analyst. The document that contains all the requirements are called software requirement specification document and requirement document and also called box specification of problem. The SRS works as a bridge between the client and developer.
Design
Designing phase starts when we have an SRS that addresses all the requirements for which software is to develop. As the SRS is in problem domain, so designing is first step form problem to solution domain. Design works as a bridge between SRS the final solution of the problem. The design is treated in 2 ways:-
Coding
When design document of the system is ready then we need to prepare coding. In coding our main goal is to convert the design of system in a particular programming language i.e. to translate the design of the system in best possible manner.
In coding we need to prepare the program that are easy to read and understand and note that program that are easy to write.
Our coding phase effect both the testing and maintenance phase. Well written coding can reduce the testing and maintenance cost. As coding cost is very low, if we need to increase the coding cost in order to reduce the testing and maintenance effort then we must do so.
Testing
Testing is the best quality control in software development. The main goal of testing is to detect error introduced by various phases. The output of requirement analysis and design is a textual documentation that is not executable but output of coding phase is executable program. That can be implemented on computer. In testing, first unit testing is performed on each module then two modules are integrated and that testing is known as integration testing and all the modules are assemble when system testing is performed at last when software is ready then demonstrate the client with real data the acceptance testing is performed.
Features of Hospital Management System
Registration
Every patient who approaches a hospital has to get registered prior to getting any consultation, treatment, and investigations done from the hospital. Registration of patients involves accepting certain general and demographic information about the patient and assigning a unique central registration number (CR No) to the Patient.
Out Patient Management
The outpatient module deals with the entire gamut of activities pertaining to the management of out-patients. It consists of the creating Patient Visit and storing details like complaints, history, clinical summary, provisional diagnosis, drugs etc corresponding to each visit.
Pharmacy Management
The Pharmacy Module deals with the maintenance of drugs and consumables in the hospital.