01-11-2016, 10:24 AM
1462790000-BTU.pptx (Size: 2.08 MB / Downloads: 5)
ABSTRACT
Conventional material transfer tables are assembled with horizontal straight Rollers, mostly used in Air ports and manufacturing Industries for transferring final products such as bags, cartons etc. The limitation of these Conventional material transfer tables are that they can transfer in linear direction only. If any direction change is required, the human effort applied will be considerably high. Whereas with ball table transfer units, the effort needed to move the material both in linear direction or for rotation in any number of degrees is considerably very low.
Ball Transfer unit is a material transferring device which gives multi-directional movement with less human effort. In this project the Raw materials required for the Ball Transfer Unit are procured, The unit is designed and then Fabricated. The unit is then provided with a Rectangular frame Through-Bar lock and nut arrangement for height adjustment purpose. Further, caster wheels are provided to this arrangement to make the unit a mobile unit.
The estimated load ,as per the theoretical calculations, which can be effectively handled is 800 kgs or .8 ton.
To this arrangement we are also adding Two Roller tables in order to show how the material comes onto the B.T.U and how it is dispatched from the B.T.U
WHAT IS BALL TRANSFER UNIT ?
Ball transfer unit is a material handling device, which, can provide multi-directional movement with less or negligible human effort.
They consist of a large load-bearing ball which sits upon many small balls encapsulated in a hemi-spherical cup. The housing can contain a seal to clean the load ball as it rotates. The design greatly reduces friction and allows heavy loads to be moved with a minimum of human effort.
They are used in airports for luggage delivery, or in industry as part of manufacturing systems.
Ball transfer units can also be used in a non-inverted ball down position as a type of caster, however this use is restricted by load-bearing limitations and the type of floor. Manufacturers have addressed this problem with ball transfer units incorporating re-circulating ball principles, however the inverted position is still the most common application and the least problematic.
Design of B.T.U
QUANTITY CALCULATION
The weight of the article to be conveyed should be divided by 3. The result will give the maximum load any single ball will bear. On any accurately levelled or flexible surface , a number greater than 3 may be used. The surface hardness and condition of the article should be considered to avoid ball
unit penetration.
SPACING
The pitch is calculated by dividing the narrowest dimension by 3.5, i.e. if the narrowest dimension is 350mm divided by 3.5 = 100mm pitch between ball centres. This ensures 3 ball units are always beneath the narrowest dimension of the load at any one time
DESIGN OF STAND
As, it has been mentioned earlier in the abstract, Height Adjustment is provided to this B.T.U unit,in order for, this to happen, a Stand is designed and Manufactured.
A Rectangular frame, with dimensions,290mmX610mm25mm taken to capacitate the B.T.U, of Iron is taken.
Then this frame is welded to the rectangular shaped rods, of side 20mm, on four corners of the frame.
Then a base of the same size as the frame, is taken, and to this, rectangular shaped rods of 25mm are welded, on four corners of the base.
In order to provide, Height adjustment, a Through-bar system, with bolt and nut arrangement, is considered.
The rods which are attached to the base are drilled, with 8mm diameter. A total of 12 holes are drilled with an interval of 25mm, to provide an height adjustment of at least 1 foot, the initial height being 2 feet. This gives a maximum height of 3 feet.
Then, the rods of frame, are passed into the base rods, and when the required height is reached it is locked by, sending a bolt, through the drilled holes and locking it with a nut.
To this unit, caster wheels are provided to make it an mobile unit.
DESIGN OF ROLLER TABLE-
A Rectangular frame of dimensions 600mmX270mm is manufactured using 50mm angled bars.
To this frame four 25 mm square bars of iron material are attached as legs, each with a length of 80mm.
To reinforce the structure, four bars are welded onto the four faces of the structure.
Later into the frame 5 G.I pipes of 40mm diameter, which are overlapped by, P.V.C pipe of 50 mm diameter are welded.
This overlapping structure is given for revolutionary motion, so as to provide motion for the material. To decrease, the friction, lubrication is provided.
A Rectangular frame of dimensions 600mmX600mm is manufactured using 50mm angled bars.
To this frame four 25 mm square bars of iron material are attached as legs, each with a length of 80mm.
To reinforce the structure, four bars are welded onto the four faces of the structure.
Later into the frame 5 G.I pipes of 40mm diameter, which are overlapped by, P.V.C pipe of 50 mm diameter are welded.
This overlapping structure is given for revolutionary motion, so as to provide motion for the material. To decrease, the friction, lubrication is provided.
Incorporation of B.T.U and the Tables
In the first step, we are planning on procuring an aluminium plate with dimensions 280X610X6 mm.
Then, this aluminium plate is a attached to a wooden frame of dimensions 280X610X25 mm, by counter-sinking operation, so that the plate will not be deformed either during the drilling operation or the load handling.
Later, onto this frame Holes of size 39mm are drilled, and into these holes we place the B.T.U and fix them. To provide rigidity and support, we place them in between two 25 mm
Angled bars.
This whole arrangement is then placed on the table and is fixed. By using the bolt and nut system, we can provide the necessary height adjustment needed.
Later, this unit is then placed in between the two roller tables in order to show how, the material enters the B.T.U and how it exits the B.T.U