26-11-2012, 05:57 PM
Textile dyeing
INTRODUCTION
Textile dyeing is a complicated process involving the addition of a large number of dyes and auxillaries to achieve the exact required shade. The wastes generated in this process are huge and polluting to the land and the surrounding environment. It is very toxic and greatly affects the water bodies if diverted into it. This has lead to the closure of a number of textile processing industries in and around the state. The main cause of this effluent problem happens to be the addition of salt in reactive dyeing. Hence rather than finding a method to dispose these hazardous waste generated it would be better to devise a safer system of dyeing which happens to be the objective of our project. Salt is added in reactive dyeing as a source of positive charges to the dye bath which is inevitable in the normal dyeing method. But the positive charges can be created both chemically and electrically. We intend to replace the chemical method by electrical method. We pass current of a particular voltage through the dye bath to aid in the transfer of dye molecules from the dye bath to the fabric. With this new method we conducted a number of trials to match the shade with the conventional shade. The various problems encountered during the process were rectified and a near shade has been achieved. We are still working on perfecting the method which will be our future work. The methodology followed and the results obtained are presented within. This has a good scope of implementation in all industries by slight modification of the present working style. This also poses a chance for reuse of dye liquor which will minimize the consumption of dyes and reduce cost. This when implemented in the industries serves a dual purpose of reducing cost and minimizing effluents thus aiding in a green dyeing process.