28-07-2014, 02:51 PM
The British Colonization in Indian
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Introduction
East India Company, also known as The Honorable East India Company, British East India Company, was a joint-stock company established by the British. On Dec. 31th, 1600, the company was chartered by the Queen Elizabeth as the Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies (Chaudhuri, 2006). The charter in fact gave East India Company a monopoly right for twelve years. During its rule in India, the company not only owned economic monopoly but also assisted the British to realize military expansion. There will first be a discussion about how East India Company assisted British to realize its military expansion in India. Following that, there will be a discussion on how East India Company works as an economic tool of colonial expansion for Britain. Finally, there will be a discussion on how East India Company finally led to the backwardness of the country as well as disaster of the local people.
Military expansion
The British colonization in India is actually a military expansion, which not only struck some other foreign colonial powers but also led to the elimination of local rulers (Nicholas, 1992). As a result, the colonization in fact had made a preparation for the later centralization of authority. The French army was defeated in the Seven Years’ War in India. As a result, the French no longer dear to expand its power in India, which also prevented the development of its industrial revolution. Robert, on behalf of the East India Company, defeated Joseph Francois Dupleix, a representative
Economic plundering
East India Company is an economic tool of colonial expansion for Britain, which on had collected millions of wealth for the British royal. At that time, economist –Adam Smith (2009), published his book-The Wealth of Nations. In his book, he wrote,” the Old East India Company was established under the charter of Queen Elisabeth. In the first twelve voyages, all the capitals belonged to correspondent individuals except the ships. It was like a company that was combined by several subsidiaries. ” From What Adam Smith had wrote, it can be inferred that East India Company was the initial joint-stock company, even though it was not as mature as the company in our times. At that time, every time before the company started a voyage, capitals were collected. Once the voyage was over, the capitals were paid back to each investor. The profit that was gained during the voyage was distributed in accordance with the capital that the investors had invested. In the middle of 17th century East India Company became mature, which is a Limited Liability Joint Stock Company. In the administrative institution of oriental trade, the decisions were made by all the members of the board so that they can supervise each other. As for the personal
Destroy life of local people
The British colonization in India also had great influence on the local industries, which led to the backwardness of the country as well as disaster of the local people. One of the most significant is that the colonization had destroyed the traditional handicraft industry in India. The handmade textile industry used to be the
Conclusion
To sum up, during East India Company’s rule in India, it not only gained economic monopoly in India, assisted the British to realize military expansion and led to the backwardness of the country as well as disaster of the local people. This essay mainly discusses the essence of British colonization in India. The encouraged ambition of British merchants had helped to collect millions of wealth from India. The colonization of Britain in India on the one hand struck the local industries deeply on the one hand and led to the starvation of local people by collecting any profit that they could imagine on the other hand