07-07-2012, 02:26 PM
Transmission and Distribution in India
Transmission and Distribution.pdf (Size: 859.65 KB / Downloads: 507)
Energy Resources in India
The natural resources for electricity generation in India are unevenly dispersed and
concentrated in a few pockets. Hydro resources are located in the Himalayan foothills
and in the north-eastern region (NER). Coal reserves are concentrated in Jharkhand,
Orissa, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh, whereas lignite is
located in Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. North Eastern Region, Sikkim and Bhutan have
vast untapped hydro potential estimated to be about 35000 MW in NER, about 8000
MW in Sikkim and about 15000 MW in Bhutan.
Growth of Installed Capacity
The power sector as a whole has shown significant progress in physical terms and to
meet the ever-growing demand is leading way to more encouragement to private
sector participation since 90's.
Demand
Electricity sector in India is growing at rapid pace. The present Peak Demand is about
1,15,000 MW and the Installed Capacity is 1,52,380 MW with generation mix is
thermal (63%), hydro (25%), Nuclear (9%) and renewables (9%).
The projected Peak Demand in 2012 is about 150 GW and in 2017 is more than 200
GW. The corresponding Installed capacity requirement in 2012 is about 220 GW and
in 2017 is more than 300 GW. The projected Peak Demand and the Installed Capacity
Requirement in next 15 years is shown in Fig.1.5 and 1.6 respectively.
Present Transmission System of India- An Overview
Electricity is a concurrent subject in India i.e, both the central and state governments
are responsible for the development of the electricity sector. NTPC, NHPC, THDC,
NEEPCO, SJVNL, NLC etc. are the central generation utilities and POWERGRID is
the Central Transmission Utility. At the State level, there are Gencos and Transco in
the respective States.
Transmission System Development - Issues
As mentioned above, in order to meet growing requirement, development of strong
transmission system between pit-head/resource generation complex and bulk
consumption centres are required. However, development of transmission system
involves following issues:
Minimization of Right of Way
Protection of flora & fauna, wild life
Creation of long distance high capacity transmission corridors to enable
minimum cost per MW transfer as well as Optimal Transmission losses
Minimal Impact on Environment
Strengthening of National Grid