02-03-2013, 11:30 AM
Universal joint
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Introduction
A universal joint, universal coupling, U-joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint is a joint or coupling in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° to each other, connected by a cross shaft.
Types of Universal joint with brief description is given below:-
D Type
• Standard pin and block design
• Ideal for applications up to 25° and speeds to 1,750 RPM
• Available in 13 sizes; round, hex, splined, or keyway bore
• Boot retaining grooves are standard
• Lubrication is required for optimal wear – boots and lubricant extend universal joint life
HD Type
• Induction hardened yoke ears provide longer life
• Hardened yokes are match fitted with universal components
• HDD and HDDX drive line assemblies can also be provided to increase life of your drive line or drive shaft
• Available in 13 sizes; round, hex, splined, or keyway bore
• Boot retaining grooves are standard
• Lubrication is required for optimal wear – boots and lubricant extend universal joint life
D303 Stainless
• Made from 303 stainless steel material
• Ideal for corrosive atmospheres and where sanitation requirements are a factor
• Available in 5 standard sizes; round, hex, splined, or keyway bore
• Boot retaining grooves are standard
• Lubrication is required for optimal wear – boots and lubricant extend universal joint life
Needle Bearing Type
• High quality, pre-lubricated, and sealed needle bearings
• Ideal for applications up to 25° and speeds to 6,000 RPM
• Available in 4 standard sizes; round, hex, splined, or keyway bore
• Boot retaining grooves are standard
• Lubrication is required for optimal wear – boots and lubricant extend universal joint life
LOJ and JR-4
• Economical, offset pin design for use on hand operated, low torque drives
• Capable for operating angles up to 45° of angular misalignment
• Application examples: remote control linkages, snow blowers, packaging machinery, awning devices, etc
• Available in 3 standard sizes; round, hex, splined, or keyway bore
• JR-4 made of tough Zytrel® material - will not rust, no lubrication needed
• JR-4 withstands oil, gasoline, salts, and temperatures from -40°F to 225°F (-40°C to 107°C)
DD and DDX Types
• Designed with two Lovejoy D Type universal joints and a center connecting shaft
• Compensates for both parallel misalignment and shaft separation
• Available in 13 sizes; round, hex, splined, or keyway bore
• Boot retaining grooves are standard
• Lubrication is required for optimal wear – boots and lubricant extend universal joint life
Multi-Spindle Type
• Consist of two quality HD universal joints mounted at opposite ends of a spring loaded shaft
• Used to connect drill head drives to drill spindles
Universal Joint Boots
• The life of a universal joint can be extended substantially if booted
• Protects universal joint from dirt and contaminants, while lubrication is retained
• Installation and replacement is fast and easy; machinery can be back in operation within minutes
• Lovejoy D, DSS, DD, DDX, HD, and NB come pre-grooved
• Use larger type diameter Upper Type boots when possible, and smaller diameter Lower Type boots when space is restricted
• Standard boots are packaged two to a bag
Rear wheel drive axle
Modern front wheel drive cars typically combine the transmission and front axle into a single unit called a transaxle. The drive axle is a split axle with a differential and universal joints between the two half axles. Each half axle connects to the wheel by use of a constant velocity (CV) joint which allows the wheel assembly to move freely vertically as well as to pivot when making turns.
In rear wheel drivecars and trucks, the engine turns a driveshaft which transmits rotational force to a drive axle at the rear of the vehicle. The drive axle may be a live axle, but modern automobiles generally use a split axle with a differential.
Some simple vehicle designs, such as leisure go-karts, may have a single driven wheel where the drive axle is a split axle with only one of the two shafts driven by the engine, or else have both wheels connected to one shaft without a differential (kart racing).