25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION OF SPACE BASED SOLAR POWER
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Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze advanced solar
dynamic space power systems for electrical space power
generation. Space-based solar power [1] (SBSP) is a system for
the collection of solar power in space, to meet the ever
increasing demand for energy on Earth. SBSP differs from the
usual method of solar power collection in the Earth. At the
earth based solar power collection, array of panels are placed
in the ground facing the sun, which collects sun’s energy
during the day-time alone. In SBSP huge solar panels are
fitted in the large satellite which collects the entire solar energy
present in orbit and beams it down to Earth. In space, the
collection of Sun’s energy is unaffected by the day/night cycle,
weather, seasonal changes and the filtering effect of Earth’s
atmospheric gases. A major interest in SBSP stems from the
fact that solar collection panels can consistently be exposed to
a high amount of solar radiation. SBSP offers a complete
displacement of fossil fuel, nuclear and biological sources of
energy. It is the only energy technology that is clean,
renewable, constant and capable of providing power to
virtually any location on Earth.
INTRODUCTION
In outer space there is an uninterrupted availability of
huge amount of solar energy in the form of light and heat. So
the use of satellites primarily aimed at collecting the solar
energy and beam it back to the earth is being considered. In
geosynchronous orbit, i.e. 36,000 km (22,369 miles), a Solar
Power Satellite (SPS) would be able to face the sun over 99%
of the time. No need for costly storage devices for when the
sun is not in view. Only a few days at spring and fall
equinox would the satellite be in shadow. Unused heat is
radiated back into the space. Power can be beamed to the
location where it is needed, need not have to invest in as
large as a grid.
SOLAR POWER SATELLITE (SPS) SYSTEM
A. Solar Energy Conversion - Solar Photons to DC
Two basic methods of converting sunlight to electricity
have been studied: photovoltaic (PV) conversion, and solar
dynamic (SD) conversion. Most analyses of solar power
satellites have focused on photovoltaic conversion
(commonly known as “solar cells”). Photovoltaic conversion
uses semiconductor cells (e.g., silicon or gallium arsenide) to
directly convert photons into electrical power via a quantum
mechanical mechanism.
Converting DC to Microwave Power
To convert the DC power to microwave for the
transmission through antenna towards the earth’s receiving
antenna, microwave oscillators like Klystrons, Magnetrons
can be used. In transmission, an alternating current is created
in the elements by applying a voltage at the antenna
terminals, causing the elements to radiate an electromagnetic
field. [3]
TRANSMISSION
As the electro-magnetic induction and electro-magnetic
radiation has disadvantages we are going for
implementation of electrical conduction and resonant
frequency methods. Of this, the resonant induction method
is the most implement able due to the reasons given later. In
the distant future this method could allow for elimination of
many existing high tension power transmission lines and
facilitate the inter connection of electric generation plants in
a global scale.
CONCLUSION
The increasing global energy demand is likely to
continue for many decades. New power plants of all sizes
will be built. Fossils fuels will run off in another 3-4
decades. However energy independence is something only
Space based solar power can deliver. Space based solar
power (SBSP) concept is attractive because it is much more
advantageous than ground based solar power.
It has been predicted that by 2030, the world needs
30TW power from renewable energy sources and solar
energy alone has the capability of producing around 600TW.
The levels of CO2 gas emission can be minimized and
brought under control. Thus the problem of global warming
will be solved to a great extent.
Based on current research space based solar power
should no longer be envisioned as requiring unimaginably
large initial investments. Moreover, space solar power
systems appear to possess many significant environmental
advantages when compared to alternative approaches to
meeting increasing terrestrial demands for energy including
necessity of considerably less land area than terrestrial
based solar power systems.