24-09-2016, 02:17 PM
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Abstract
In recent years, wind energy has become one ofthe most important and promising sources ofrenewable energy, which demandsadditional transmission capacity and better means ofmaintaining system reliability. In this project we have focused on the design of the wind turbine blade in order to increase the efficiency of the rotor to extract much power of the wind energy. Chose the type of NACA airfoil which has the highest lift to drag will dramatically affects the rotor efficiency. The design is accomplished in Solidworks and the simulation of the blade performance is done by using Solidworks. The project is devoted to Al-Mokhawhich has favorable conditions of wind in Yemen. We have made a mathematical model and simulation analysis of tower vibration.
Acknowledgement
We would like to articulate our deepgratitude to our project Director. Dr. Aadelwho has always been source of motivation and firm support for carrying out the project. We would also like to convey our sincerest gratitude and indebtedness to all other faculty members and staff of Department of Mechanical Engineering, who bestowed their great effort and guidance at appropriate times without which it would have been very difficult on our project work. An assemblage of this nature could never have been attempted with our reference to and inspiration from the works of others whose details are mentioned in references section. We acknowledge our indebtedness to all of them. Further, we would like to express our feeling towards our parents and families who directly or indirectly encouraged and motivated us during this dissertation.
List of Symbols
aaxial flow induction factor; flange projection beyond bolt centre
a'tangential flow induction factor
A rotor swept area
A∞,Awupstream and downstream stream-tube cross-sectional areas
B Number of blades
cblade chord
Cdsectional drag coefficient
Cppressure coefficient
CPpower coefficient
CQtorque coefficient
CT thrust coefficient; total cost of wind turbine
H hub height; wave height; hub height above mean sea level
M0peak quasi-static mudline moment
τtime interval; non-dimensional time; shear stress
υPoisson’s ratio
ωangular frequency (rad/s)
ωddemanded generator rotational speed
ωinatural frequency ofith mode (rad/s)
ωggenerator rotational speed
ωrinduction machine rotor rotational speed
ωsinduction machine stator field rotational speed
Ω rotational speed of rotor; earth’s rotational speed
ξdamping ratio
ψblade azimuth
FD drag force
FL lift force
FQ torque force
FT thrust force
g acceleration due to gravity
G shear modulus
Ho angular momentum of rotor
Hz hertz
I area moment of inertia
J mass moment of inertia
JT polar moment of inertia
α angle of attack
βi resultant inflow angle
λ tip speed ratio
μ dynamic viscosity of a fluid
μm micrometer
ψangular velocity
ρ density
σstress
θp blade pitch angle
k stiffness coefficient
kg kilograms
L length
M mass
MG gyroscopic moment
N Newton
Pa Pascal
r/R local radius/rotor radius
Re Reynolds number
t time unit
t/c thickness to chord ratio
U wind speed
v fluid velocity
V* resultant inflow velocity
V volt
W watts
μ micro (×10-6)
M mega (×106)
G giga (×109)
2D two dimensional
CG center of gravity
DAQ Compact DAQ Data Acquisition System
DOE Department of Energy
EMI electromagnetic interference
FA fore to aft
FAST An aeroelastic design code for horizontal axis wind turbines.
HAWT horizontal axis wind turbine
HDPE high-density polyethylene
LAC Linear actuator control
NI National Instruments
NREL National Renewable Energy Lab
NWTC National Wind Technology Center
PSD power spectral density
RMP rotations per minute
SS side to side
TSR tip speed ratio
PmMechanical power captured by the wind turbine and transmitted to the rotor