25-06-2014, 11:47 AM
Wireless Sensor Network Security model using Zero Knowledge Protocol
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ABSTRACT
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) offer an excellent opportunity to monitor environments, and have a lot of interesting applications, some of which are quite sensitive in nature and require full proof secured environment. The security mechanisms used for wired networks cannot be directly used in sensor networks as there is no user-controlling of each individual node, wireless environment, and more importantly, scarce energy resources. In this paper, we address some of the special security threats and attacks in WSNs.
We propose a scheme for detection of distributed sensor cloning attack and use of zero knowledge protocol (ZKP) for verifying the authenticity of the sender sensor nodes. The cloning attack is addressed by attaching a unique fingerprint to each node that depends on the set of neighboring nodes and itself. The fingerprint is attached with every message a sensor node sends. The ZKP is used to ensure non transmission of crucial cryptographic information in the wireless network in order to avoid man-in-the middle (MITM) attack and replay attack. The paper presents a detailed analysis for various scenarios and also analyzes the performance and cryptographic strength.
Existing System
Existing Wireless sensor networks once sensor nodes have been deployed, there will be minimal manual intervention and monitoring. But, when nodes are deployed in a hostile environment and there is no manual monitoring
Proposed System
Nodes are divided into three categories; base station, cluster head and member nodes. Some arbitrary nodes are selected as cluster heads and generation of cluster heads is left to the clustering mechanism (not dealt in this work). Each cluster head knows about its member nodes, while every member node knows its cluster head.
Base station stores information of all sensor nodes (including cluster heads). The base station maintains complete topological information about cluster heads and their respective members
Proposed Modules
. Secure Zero-knowledge protocol
Zero-knowledge protocol allow identification, key exchange and other basic cryptographic operations to be implemented without revealing any secret information during the conversation and with smaller computational requirements in comparison to public key protocols. Thus ZKP seems to be very attractive for resource constrained devices. ZKP allows one party to prove its knowledge of
a secret to another party without ever revealing the secret. ZKP is an interactive proof system which involves a prover, P and verifier, V. The role of the prover is to convince the verifier of some secret through a series of communications.
Clone Attack
In clone attack, an adversary may capture a sensor node and copy the cryptographic information to another node known as cloned node. Then this cloned sensor node can be installed to capture
Man in the Middle Attack
The man-in-the-middle attack (MITM) is a form of active eavesdropping in which the attacker makes independent connections with the victims and relays messages between them, making them believe that they are talking directly to each other over a private connection. The attacker will be able to intercept all messages exchanging between the two victims and inject new ones