The artificial retina is developed for the visually impaired, so they can recover their sight. It was developed with the help of an external photographic device (cameras) that functioned as a visual stimulus for the brain through the electrodes. The device was used as a substitute for cells in the retina of the eye. They were formulated using large-scale 3D integration, so that a person can receive the exact image of an object that is in front of them. Artificial retinas work with the help of thin-film transistors and capacitors. This device is implanted near the blind spot of the retina, so that deterioration of the reception of photos can be replaced, with this advanced device.
Artificial retinas have been ardently desired to regain the sense of sight for the visually impaired. Recently, artificial retinas using external chambers, stimulus electrodes and three-dimensional LSIs have been actively developed for patients suffering from retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. In these cases, the photodiodes and electronic circuits replace the deteriorated photoreceptor cells. Implant methods can be classified into four types: epiretinal implant, subretinal implant, suprachoroidal stimulation, and transretinal stimulation. Among these implant methods, the epiretinal implant has characteristics that the resolution of the image may be high because the stimulus signal can be led directly to the cells of the neuron and that the living retinas are not seriously damaged.