20-04-2012, 02:20 PM
energy crisis
final report stage 1.docx (Size: 2.11 MB / Downloads: 54)
INTRODUCTION:
An energy crisis is any great bottleneck (or price rise) in the supply of energy resources to an economy. It usually refers to the shortage of oil and additionally to electricity or other natural resources. An energy crisis may be referred to as an oil crisis, petroleum crisis, energy shortage, electricity shortage electricity crisis. While not entering a full crisis, political riots that occurred during the 2007 Burmese antigovernment protests were initially sparked by rising energy prices. Likewise the Russia- Ukraine gas dispute and the Russia-Belarus energy dispute have been mostly resolved before entering a prolonged crisis stage. Market failure is possible when monopoly manipulation of markets occurs. A crisis can develop due to industrial actions like union organized strikes and government embargoes. The cause may be ageing over-consumption, infrastructure and sometimes bottlenecks at oil refineries and port facilities restrict fuel supply. An emergency may emerge during unusually cold winters. emerging shortages Crisis that currently exist include;
• Oil price increases since 2003 - Cause: increasing demand from the U.S and China, the falling state of the U.S. dollar, and stagnation of production due to the U.S. occupation of Iraq. Iraq is #3 in the world (besides Saudi Arabia and Iran) for its oil reserves. However some observers have stated the global oil production peak occurred in December 2005. If this is correct it is also to blame.
• 2008 Central Asia energy crisis, caused by abnormally cold temperatures and low water levels in an area dependent on hydroelectric power
• South African electrical crisis Solution for Energy Crisis next time on the roads, don’t scoff at the speed-breakers. They could actually light up small villages
off the highway.
BASIC PRINCIPLES:
• Simple energy conversion from mechanical to electrical.
• To generate electricity using the vehicle kinetic energy as input we can develope electricity from speed breakers
• They are using 3 different mechanisms:
I. Roller mechanism
II. Rack- Pinion mechanism
III. Crank-shaft mechanism
ROLLER MECHANISM:
ake use of….OR directly we can say that
A roller blind mechanism for winding and unwinding a rollable blind, the mechanism comprising a support element, a drive sprocket which is rotatably mounted on the support element for transmitting rotational movement to a blind supporting member, and a manually-movable elongate flexible drive element which includes a plurality of interlinked tooth-engaging elements, the drive sprocket including a plurality of flexible teeth engagable with the tooth-engaging elements of the flexible drive element. A roller blind mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein a radial extent of the teeth of the drive sprocket is equal to or greater than a maximum dimension of the tooth-engaging elements of the flexible drive element. A roller blind mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the radial extent is equal
to or greater than twice the maximum dimension of the tooth-engaging elements of the
flexible drive element. A roller blind mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the teeth of the drive sprocket flex in a circumferential direction of the sprocket.
RACK AND PINION MECHANISM:
GY that is abundantly availabl
d us. In this project we are just trying to make use of such energy
FiFigure:- rack and pinion mechanism
Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion, but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion. They transform a rotary movement (that of the pinion) into a linear movement (that of the rack) or vice versa. We use them for sliding doors moved by an electric motor.The rack is attached to the door and the pinion is attached to the motor. The motor moves the pinion which moves the rack and the door moves.
CRANKSHAFT MECHANISM:
The crankshaft is a mechanism that transforms rotary movement into linear movement, or vice versa. For example, the motion of the pistons in the engine of a car is linear (they go up and down).But the motion of the wheels has to be rotary. So, engineers put a crankshaft between the engine and the transmission to the wheels. The pistons of the engine move the crankshaft and the movement becomes rotary. Then the rotary movement goes past the clutch and the gear box all the way to the wheels.
Out of all these arrengements the rack and pinion arrengement have a higher efficiency than others so we chose to make a hybrid mechanism of it by using a hybrid technology to increase the development of power as compared to the conventional model.
HYBRID SYSTEMS: A hybrid system is usually consist of two or more energy sources used together to provide increased system efficiency as well as greeater balance in energy supply.