Moletronics is also called as molecular electronics. From the name itself, it is clear that the moletrónica is the combination of molecules and electronics. The molecule is the smallest particle of element or compound and are formed by atoms. Moletronics is a new technology that uses molecules to perform the functions of electronic components such as diodes, transistors, logic gates, etc. Molecular building blocks can be used for the manufacture of passive components such as resistors and active components such as transistors. It is a branch of electronics that uses individual molecules or collection of individual molecules to perform the same function performed by the current active or passive electronic components. Moletronics technology is based on organic compounds that have electronic properties. So moletronics replaces bulk electronics.
Conventional electronic components are made from bulk electronic materials which is expensive. By using moletronics technology, a single molecule is sufficient to make a stable structure that reduces the size of conventional bulky electronics. Moletronics access the structural and electronic properties of silicon atom or molecule. Existing inorganic electronic material may not be able to produce next-generation electronic components with small size, high speed, high efficiency, etc. Thus, using organic compounds to make electronic components have so many advantages such as size, power, manufacturing cost, efficiency, etc. Moletronics uses organic molecules instead of silicon that helps reduce size, and produce high-speed processors and memory components.