From the past few years, the reliance is shifting more on rigid pavements because of its low maintenance cost, long service life and the smoother riding surface. The thickness of the concrete slab depends upon the strength of subgrade, axle load repetitions, type of sub-base and shoulders. Even a small decrease in the thickness of the concrete slab with proper design can result in appreciable economy to the project. Therefore, an attempt has been made to design a two lane two-way State Highway proposed to be laid in Haryana by considering all the available options of subgrade, sub-base and shoulders. The design has been carried out with Dry Lean Concrete, Granular and Cement treated subbase of different thickness with both tied and untied shoulder conditions. The pavement is provided with dowel and tie bars. It is observed from the design that an increase in the CBR value of subgrade and an increase in thickness of subbase layer has insignificant effect on the thickness of the pavement slab, but providing tied concrete shoulders reduce the slab thickness appreciably
Ceramic dust is produced as ceramic tile residues, tiles and floor tiles and stoneware waste industries. The concrete (M35) was made by replacing% (up to 30%) of cement (OPC 53) with ceramic powder (passing 75μm) showing good work ability, compressive strength, flexural strength, flexure and modulus of elasticity. In this experimental investigation, concrete specimens were tested at different ages for different mechanical properties. The results show that with the water - cement ratio (0.46), the core compressive strength increases from 3.9% to 5.6% replacing the 20% cement content with ceramic powder. It was observed that there were no significant changes in flexural strength and fracture breaking strength when compared to conventional concrete.