20-03-2014, 10:19 AM
GPRS and GPS Based Vehicle Tracker and Accident Identifier System
MOTIVATION BEHIND THE PROJECT
Used for tracking and positioning of any vehicle by using (GPS) and (GSM/GPRS).
Here we can continuously monitor a moving Vehicle on demand.
Vehicle can be tracked in case any car theft.
Accident spot can be detected.
SMS can be received from the spot.
WHAT IS VEHICLE TRACKING SYSTEM?
“Vehicle Tracking System“ means an Electronics device that reports its location by using the data received from GPS satellites.
This device is installed in car/vehicle.GPS is controlled and handled by computer system.
Thus there is a continuous track of the vehicle which can be retrieved on the windows application created.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Hardware :
ARM-LPC2148.
LCD - 16 x 2 .
RS232 - MAX232.
GPRS Modem [RS232 based].
GPS Modem.
7812/ 7805 voltage regulators for power supply.
Power supply circuit.
Sim card.
Software :
Embedded c.
Visual studio.
Keil-µvision compiler.
Flash magic burner software.
WHY ARM?
Major drawback of 8051 w.r.t ARM is that it has a single serial port. But ARM has 2 serial ports.
ARM is much faster than 8051.
ARM executes almost all the instruction in only one cycle where as 8051 micro controller takes more than one cycles.
ARM is a RISC based architecture .
AT COMMANDS
(ATTENTION COMMANDS)
To send SMS messages, a valid SIM card should be inserted into a GSM modem, which is then connected to ARM by RS232 cable.
The GSM modem can be controlled by sending instructions, which are called AT commands.
The main use of the AT commands is to control the sending and receiving of SMS messages.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GSM
Fully digital system using 900,1800 MHz frequency band.
TDMA over radio carriers(200 KHz carrier spacing).
User/terminal authentication for fraud control.
Encryption of speech and data transmission over the radio path.
Full international roaming capability.
Support of Short Message Service (SMS).
GPS-GLOBAL POSITIONING
SYSTEM
The Global Positioning System (GPS), is the only fully-functional satellite navigation system.
Many GPS receivers can show the position data to a PC or other device using the NMEA 0183 protocol controlled by the US-based National Marine Electronics Association.
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT FEATURES
Step down transformer is used to bring down 230 volts to 12 volts.
The output from the transformer is fed to the rectifier. It converts AC into pulsating DC.
Capacitive filter removes the ripples from the output of rectifier and smoothens the D.C. Output.
A voltage regulator is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. In this project, power supply of 5V and 12V are required.
METHODOLOGY
A GPRS/GSM Modem and GPS Receiver is interfaced serially to an ARM processor .
A GPRS modem is used to send the position of the vehicle from a remote place to remote PC IP address, and that will be displayed on remote PC.
The GSM/GPRS module gives the exact position.
The GPS modem gives the NMEA data as the output, that is read and displayed on to the map.
The Accident sensor is interfaced with the ARM processor.
It sends a message to a number fed in the program asking for help in case of an emergency.