30-06-2011, 11:27 PM
hey its really gud 1..bt hv u proved it?
30-06-2011, 11:27 PM
hey its really gud 1..bt hv u proved it?
11-07-2011, 06:40 PM
how can i get its full report
12-07-2011, 10:07 AM
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13-07-2011, 08:16 PM
i need full report of magnetic refrigeration
13-07-2011, 08:22 PM
i need full report of magnetic refrigeration
14-07-2011, 12:45 AM
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14-07-2011, 09:48 AM
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21-07-2011, 12:29 PM
i want full report so please send me full report
04-08-2011, 06:25 AM
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04-08-2011, 09:28 AM
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07-05-2012, 03:51 PM
Magnetic Refrigeration
magnetic_refrigerator.pdf (Size: 63.74 KB / Downloads: 145) Magnetic refrigeration is a method of refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect. This effect, discovered in 1881, is defined as the response of a solid to an applied magnetic field which is apparent as a change in its temperature.1 This effect is obeyed by all transition metals and lanthanide-series elements. When a magnetic field is applied, these metals, known as ferromagnets, tend to heat up. As heat is applied, the magnetic moments align. When the field is removed, the ferromagnet cools down as the magnetic moments become randomly oriented. Gadolinium, a rare-earth metal, exhibits one of the largest known magnetocaloric effects. It was used as the refrigerant for many of the early magnetic refrigeration designs. The problem with using pure gadolinium as the refrigerant material is that it does not exhibit a strong magnetocaloric effect at room temperature. More recently, however, it has been discovered that arc-melted alloys of gadolinium, silicon, and germanium are more efficient at room temperature.2 Using the magnetocaloric effect for refrigeration purposes was first investigated in the mid-1920’s but is just now nearing a point where it could be useful on a commercial scale.1 The main difference associated with this process is that it is void of a compressor. The compressor is the most inefficient and expensive part of the conventional gas compression system. In place of the compressor are small beds containing the magnetocaloric material, a small pump to circulate the heat transfer fluid, and a drive shaft to move the beds in and out of the magnetic field. The heat transfer fluid used in this process is water mixed with ethanol instead of the traditional refrigerants that pose threats to the environment. A majority of the successful magnetic refrigeration research done to this point was completed by the Ames Laboratory at the University of Iowa and by the Astronautics Corporation of America in Madison, Wisconsin. Karl Gschneidner and Vitalij Pecharsky of the Ames Laboratory and Carl Zimm of the Astronautics Corporation have led this research. The team has developed a working system that uses two beds containing spherical powder of Gadolinium with water being used as the heat transfer fluid. The magnetic field for this system is 5 Tesla, providing a temperature span of 38 K. The maximum values obtained from this unit include a cooling power of 600 Watts, Coefficients of Performance near 15, and efficiency of approximately 60% of Carnot efficiency.3 Due to the high magnetic field, however, this system is not applicable for use at home. The ultimate goal of this technology would be to develop a standard refrigerator for home use. The use of magnetic refrigeration has the potential to reduce operating cost and maintenance cost when compared to the conventional method of compressor-based refrigeration. By eliminating the high capital cost of the compressor and the high cost of electricity to operate the compressor, magnetic refrigeration can efficiently and economically replace compressorbased refrigeration. The major advantages to the magnetic refrigeration technology over compressor-based refrigeration are the design technology, environmental impact, and operating cost savings. The process flow diagram for the magnetic refrigeration system is shown in Figure 1. A mixture of water and ethanol serves as the heat transfer fluid for the system. The fluid first passes through the hot heat exchanger, which uses air to transfer heat to the atmosphere. The fluid then passes through the copper plates attached to the non-magnetized cooler magnetocaloric beds and loses heat. A fan blows air past this cold fluid into the freezer to keep the freezer temperature at approximately 0°F.
11-07-2012, 10:20 AM
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02-08-2012, 03:08 PM
please send a magnetic refregeration full report
please send a seminar report on magnetic refregeraton
03-08-2012, 11:00 AM
to get information about the topic "magnetic refrigeration" full report ppt and related topic refer the link bellow https://seminarproject.net/Thread-magnet...ull-report https://seminarproject.net/Thread-magnet...rigeration |
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