12-06-2014, 03:46 PM
six week industrial trainging project report on cellphone detecto
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ABSTRACT
This handy, pocket-size mobile transmission detector or sniffer can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. So it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms, etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for Spying and unauthorized video transmission. The circuit can detect the incoming and outgoing calls, SMS and video transmission even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the Bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues
Introduction
As increase in the technology in the world using the electronic equipments are being used in a wrong way like, in the examination halls and confidential rooms. To avoid this we are introducing a project called CELLPHONE DETECTOR
This handy, pocket-size mobile transmission detector or sniffer can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. So it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms, etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for Spying and unauthorized video transmission. The circuit can detect the incoming and outgoing calls, SMS and video transmission even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the Bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues until the signal transmission ceases.
Usage
The bipolar junction transistor, or BJT, was the most commonly used transistor in the 1960s and 70s. Even after MOSFETs became widely available, the BJT remained the transistor of choice for many analog circuits such as simple amplifiers because of their greater linearity and ease of manufacture. Desirable properties of MOSFETs, such as their utility in low-power devices, usually in the CMOS configuration, allowed them to capture nearly all market share for digital circuits; more recently MOSFETs have captured most analog and power applications as well, including modern clocked analog circuits, voltage regulators, amplifiers, power transmitters, motor drivers, etc
Bipolar junction transistor
The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was the first type of transistor to be mass-produced.
Bipolar transistors are so named because they conduct by using both majority and minority carriers. The three terminals of the BJT are named emitter, base, and collector. The BJT consists of two p-n junctions: the base–emitter junction and the base–collector junction, separated by a thin region of semiconductor known as the base region (two junction diodes wired together without sharing an intervening semiconducting region will not make a transistor). "The [BJT] is useful in amplifiers because the currents at the emitter and collector are controllable by the relatively small base current. In an NPN transistor operating in the active region, the emitterbase junction is forward biased (electrons and holes recombine at the junction), and electrons are injected into the base region. Because the base is narrow, most of these electrons will diffuse into the reverse-biased (electrons and holes are formed at, and move away from the junction) base-collector junction and be swept into the collector;
PIEZO BUZZER
Piezoelectricity is the ability of some materials (notably crystals and certain ceramics, including bone) to generate an electric field or electric potential in response to applied mechanical stress. The effect is closely related to a change of polarization density within the material's volume. If the material is not short-circuited, the applied stress induces a voltage across the material. The word is derived from the Greek piezo or piezein, which means to squeeze or press.A buzzer or beeper is a signaling device, usually electronic, typically used in automobiles, household appliances such as microwave ovens, or game shows.It most commonly consists of a number of switches or sensors connected to a control unit that determines if and which button was pushed or a preset time has lapsed, and usually
CONCEPT
Mobile phone uses RF with a wavelength of 30cm at 872 to 2170 MHz. That is the signal is high frequency with huge energy. When the mobile phone is active, it transmits the signal in the form of sine wave which passes through the space. The encoded audio/video signal contains electromagnetic radiation which is picked up by the receiver in the base station. Mobile phone system is referred to as “Cellular Telephone system” because the coverage area is divided into “cells” each of which has a base station. The transmitter power of the modern 2G antenna in the base station is 20-100 watts.When a GSM (Global System of Mobile communication) digital phone is transmitting, the signal is time shared with7 other users. That is at any one second, each of the 8 users on the same frequency is allotted 1/8 of the time and the signal is reconstituted by the receiver to form the speech. Peak power output of a mobile phone corresponds to 2 watts with an average of 250 milli watts of continuous power. Each handset with in a ‘cell’ is allotted a particular frequency
CONCLUSION
This pocket-size mobile transmission detector or sniffer can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. So it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms, etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for spying and unauthorized video transmission.
Rail Coach Factory
Established in 1986, the Rail Coach Factory (RCF) is the second coach manufacturing unit of Indian Railways. Its foundation stone was laid by the then Prime Minister of India Mr. Rajiv Gandhi. It is located 4-5 km away from Kapurthala and some of its area touches Hussainpur which is a small town. It has manufactured around more than 25,000 passenger coaches of 51 different types including self propelled passenger vehicles.