In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the application of fuzzy set theory to many control problems. For many complex control systems, the construction of an ordinary model is difficult due to the non-linear and time-varying nature of the system.
Diffuse control has been applied in traditional control systems, which gives promising results, is applied to processes, produces promising results, applies to processes that are too complex to be analyzed by conventional techniques or where information available is uncertain. In fact, fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is easier to prototype, easy to describe and verify, can be maintained and also expanded with a grater precision in less time. These advantages make the fuzzy logic technology also used for the irrigation system.
Water and electricity should be used optimally in an agriculture like India. Development in the field of science and technology should be used adequately in the field of agriculture to obtain better yields. Traditionally, irrigation has resulted in excessive work and non-uniformity in the application of water through archiving. Therefore, an automatic irrigation system is required to reduce the cost of labor and to give uniformity in the application of water through the field.
In the irrigation system, the plant takes varying amounts of water in different stages of plant growth. Unless adequate and timely water supply is ensured, the physiological activities taking place within the plant will be adversely affected, resulting in reduced crop yield. The amount of water to be irrigated in an irrigation program depends on the evapotranspiration (ET) of the adjacent soil and the leaves of the plant at that specified time. The ET rate of a given crop is influenced by its growth stages, environmental conditions and crop management.
Consumption or evapotranspiration of a given crop in a given location may vary throughout the day, throughout the month and throughout the crop period. The values of daily use of consumption or monthly consumption are determined for a given crop and in a certain place. It also varies from crop to crop. There are several elimatological factors, which will influence and decide the rate of evaporation. Some of the important factors of disposal that influence evaporation are radiation, temperature, humidity and wind speed. In this work, the input variables chosen for the system are evapotranspiration and the evapotranspiration change rate called error and the output variable is the amount of water.