03-05-2012, 04:17 PM
normal osmosis process
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INTRODUCTION
In normal osmosis process the solvent naturally moves from an area of low solute concentration, to an area of high solute concentration.
RO is a separation method that removes many types of large molecules and ions from solutions by applying pressure to the solution when it is on one side of a selective membrane.
Reverse osmosis is increasingly used as a separation technique in chemical and environmental engineering for the removal of organic pollutants present in waste water
Phenolic compounds present in the waste water creates a serious environmental problems and increasing attention is being for its removal using RO membrane.
Objectives of this study
The Objective of this project work is to generate experimental data for separation of binary & tertiary organic mixtures(Phenol, Dimethyl Phenol & cholorophenol) by a spiral wound Reverse osmosis membrane module at varoius operating parameters (Trans membrane Pressure, Feed concentration, Flow rate etc.)
The data will be used for further analytical studies like
Rejection of “Mixtures” compared to rejection of “Single Compound” by RO membrane.
Interaction between the components in the mixtures
Interaction between the components and the membrane
SOURCE OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS
The primary sources of phenolic compound present in industrial effluents are: Petroleum Refineries, plastic manufacturing plants, pharamaceutical industries, coal carbonization and Tar distillation units, Wood Charcoal production unit, coke ovens, Phenolformaldehyde
ADVANTAGES OF REVERSE OSMOSIS FOR REMOVAL OF ORGANICS
Reverse osmosis is effective in rejecting organic solutes with molecular weights greater than 200 to 300, such as fulvic acids, lignins, humic acids and detergents. Low molecular weight, non polar, water soluble solutes (for example, methanol, ethanol, and ethylene glycol) are poorly rejected.