17-05-2012, 03:28 PM
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH MARBLE POWDER
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OBJECTIVE:
To study the influence of partial replacement of cement with marble powder, and to compare it with compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete. We are also trying to determine percentage of marble powder that should be replaced in concrete, so that it makes strength maximum.
INTRODUCTION:
Marble is a metamorphic rock resulting from the transformation of a pure limestone. The purity of the marble is responsible for its color and appearance: it is white if the limestone is composed solely of calcite (100% CaCO3). Marble is used for construction and decoration; marble is durable, has a noble appearance, and is consequently in great demand. A large quantity of powder is generated during the cutting process. The result is that the mass of marble waste which is 20% of total marble quarried has reached as high as millions of tons.
This huge unattended mass of marble waste consisting of very fine particles is today one of the environmental problems around the world (Corinaldesi et al., 2010).
Leaving these waste materials to the environment directly can cause environmental problem. Hence the reuse of waste material has been emphasized. Waste can be used to produce new products or can be used as admixtures so that natural resources are used more efficiently and the environment is protected from waste deposits.. This is relevant because the stone industry presents an annual output of 68 million tones of processed products. Therefore the scientific and industrial community must commit towards more sustainable practices. There are several reuse and recycling solutions for this industrial by-product, both at an experimental phase and in practical applications.
One of the logical means for reduction of the waste marble masses calls for utilizing them in building industry itself. Some attempts have been made to find and assess the possibilities of using waste marble powder in mortars and concretes and results about strength and workability were compared with control samples of conventional cements and mortar/concrete
Marble sludge powder was obtained in wet form directly taken from deposits of marble factories. Wet marble sludge powder must be dried before the sample preparation. Marble dust was sieved from 1mm sieve. The high content of CaO confirmed that the original stones were Marble and limestone. The dust was also tested (NP 85) to identify the absence of organic matter, thus confirming that it could be used in concrete mixtures. It can be observed that the marble sludge powder had a high specific surface area; this could mean that is addition should confer more cohesiveness to mortars and concrete.
NECESSITY FOR THE USE OF MARBLE POWDER:
Marble stone industry generates both solid waste and stone slurry. Whereas solid waste results from the rejects at the mine sites or at the processing units, stone slurry is a semi liquid substance consisting of particles originating from the sawing and the polishing processes and water used to cool and lubricate the sawing and polishing machines. Stone slurry generated during processing corresponds to around 20% of the final product from stone industry. Therefore the scientific and industrial community must commit towards more sustainable practices. There are several reuse and recycling solutions for this industrial by-product, both at an experimental phase and in practical applications
LITERATURE:
• Valeria (2005) in their study observed that marble powder had very high Blaine fineness value ofabout1.5 m2/g, with 90% of particles passing through 50 μmsieves and 50% through 7μm. The authors also noticed that the marble powder had a high specific surface area.
• Hanifi Binici (2007) found that marble dust concrete has higher compressive strength than that of the corresponding lime stone dust concrete having equal w/c and mix proportion. The results indicated that the Marble dust concrete would probably have lower water permeability than the lime stone concrete