22-11-2012, 04:37 PM
Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded With Double Orthogonal Crossed Slits In Ground Plane
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Abstract—
This paper propose a new generation of antenna that applies Metamaterial properties at ground Plane. Paper also analyzed the performance of Microstrip Patch Antenna with and without using the Metamaterial structure. The works mainly include Metamaterial as Defected ground plane. All antenna parameters such as Return Loss, Gain, VSWR and Band width were measured. The main focus of this paper was to improve Band width so that Patch antenna used for wide band applications. The additional features were its compact size and used in multiband operation.
Introduction
Antennas are indispensable component of any wireless communication device. Thus they are the inevitable component for creating the so called ―wireless human network‖. An antenna is a transducer between the transmitter and the free space waves and vice versa. They efficiently transfer electromagnetic energy from a transmission line into free space. Much boom in the field of electromagnetic, microwaves and antennas - all started with the arguments about the electromagnetic nature of light. The practical realization of Microstrip Antennas [2] in the 1970’s gave a boost to planar antennas research owing excellent characteristics and low profile of the antenna. Deschamps first proposed the concept of the MSA in 1953. The typical geometry of a Microstrip Antenna [3] in its simplest form consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate and a ground plane on the other side of a substrate, having a fixed dielectric constant and thickness. The metallic patch may take many geometrics viz. rectangular, circular, triangular, elliptical, helical, ring etc. The length of the patch is typically about one half of the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency.
Results and Discussions
The Simulated Results of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna alone and loaded with orthogonal crossed slits in Ground Plane are shown in figure 2 and figure 5. At 4.30 GHz frequency Simulated Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna alone exhibits the Return Loss of -12.32dB and Bandwidth improvement 58 MHz while when it is incorporated with orthogonal crossed slits Structure at the Ground Plane, it shows Return Loss around -15 dB and Bandwidth improvement 233MHz. This RMPA with narrow orthogonal crossed slits on the radiating patch resonates at frequencies 4.30 GHz and 2.50 GHz. This shows that when the slit is introduced in the radiating patch of the single band antenna then the resulting antenna is found for resonant frequency tends to lower side, which shows that the Antenna has compact in size as well as better performance in gain and bandwidth. The enhancement in Bandwidth near about 0.175GHz was achieved and Antenna was used for wideband applications.
Conclusion
It has been seen that, by using the properties of Metamaterial we can easily overcome the drawbacks of RMPA. Defected ground plane is used for improving the Bandwidth significantly which was the main drawback of Patch Antenna. The improvement in band width near about 0.175 GHz is achieved so that antenna can be used for wide band applications. It has also been proved that by using Metamaterial substrate we can easily reduce Return Loss also. This reduction of return loss indicates that only small amount of reflection waves were returned back to the source and most of the power will be radiated from the patch.