Nokia Corporation is the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones, serving customers in 130 countries. Nokia is divided into four business groups: Mobile Phones, Multimedia, Business Solutions and Networks. The Mobile Phones group markets wireless voice and data products in consumer and corporate markets. The Multimedia segment sells mobile gaming devices, home satellite systems and cable TV set-top boxes. The Enterprise Solutions group develops wireless systems for use in the corporate sector. The wireless switching and transmission equipment is sold through the company's network division. Nokia operates 15 manufacturing plants in nine countries and maintains research and development facilities in 12 countries.
Origins of the 19th century
Originally a pulp and paper manufacturer, Nokia was founded as Nokia Company in 1865 in a small town of the same name in central Finland. Nokia was a pioneer in the industry and introduced many new methods of production to a country with only one important natural resource, its vast forests. As the industry became more and more energy-intensive, the company even built its own power plants. But for many years Nokia remained an important but static company in a relatively forgotten corner of northern Europe. Nokia shares were traded for the first time in the Helsinki exchange in 1915.
The first major changes in Nokia occurred several years after World War II. Despite its proximity to the Soviet Union, Finland has always remained economically connected with the Scandinavian countries and other Western countries, and as Finnish trade expanded Nokia became a leading exporter.
In the early 1960s, Nokia began diversifying into an attempt to transform the company into a regional conglomerate with interests beyond Finnish borders. Unable to initiate strong domestic growth, Nokia turned its attention to acquisitions. The government, however, hoping to rationalize two low-performing basic industries, favored Nokia's expansion in the country and encouraged its eventual merger with Finnish Rubber Works, founded in 1898, and Finnish Cable Works, which was formed in 1912 , To form Nokia Corporation. When the merger was completed in 1966, Nokia was involved in several new industries, including integrated cable operations, electronics, tires and rubber footwear, and had made its first public share offering.
In 1967, Nokia created a division to develop design and manufacturing capabilities in data processing, industrial automation and communications systems. The division was later expanded and became several divisions, which then focused on the development of information systems, including personal computers and workstations, digital communications systems and mobile phones. Nokia also gained a strong position in modems and automated banking systems in Scandinavia.
Nokia Corporation, incorporated December 19, 1896, is a global provider of network infrastructure and related services, with a focus on mobile broadband as well as advanced technology development and licensing. The company's business includes Nokia Networks and Nokia Technologies. The segments of the Company include Mobile Broadband, Global Services, Nokia Networks Other and Nokia Technologies. Mobile Broadband offers mobile operators mobile network solutions for voice and data services through its Radio and Core business lines. Global Services provides mobile operators with services to create and maintain networks. Nokia Networks Other includes net sales and related cost of sales and non-core business operating expenses. Nokia Technologies focuses on technology development and licensing, and includes net sales of intellectual property rights activities and technology licenses. The Radio business is made up of generations of second generation (2G) to fifth generation generation (5G). Core business has a mobile switching portfolio as well as voice solutions and core packages.
The Company's Network business is carried out through approximately four business groups, such as Mobile Networks, Fixed Networks, Internet Protocol (IP) / Optical Networks, and Applications and Analysis. The Mobile Networks group offers a portfolio of end-to-end mobile network solutions that include hardware, software and services for telecommunications operators, businesses and related verticals / verticals such as public safety and the Internet of Things (IoT). The product portfolio includes radio access network (RAN) offerings for mobile data and voice communication using existing 2G, third generation (3G) and long term (LTE) technology. Mobile Networks also offers the market a Converged Core offering, which includes Subscriber Data Management and IP Multimedia Subsystem solutions, enabling full IP communication, including Voice over LTE (VoLTE). The product portfolio includes access to small cells, as well as bottom transport and front trailer (x-haul) solutions. The Fixed Networks business group offers products, solutions and services for copper and fiber access. It consists of solutions based on copper, such as the very high speed digital subscriber line (VDSL2) and vectorization technology. The Fixed Networks business group is dedicated to the development of next generation copper technologies, such as Vplus and G.fast. The Fixed Networks business group is also developing fiber for home-based solutions, such as Gigabit Passive Optical Networks (GPON) and next-generation fiber access technologies. The portfolio of services includes the deployment, maintenance and professional services, such as the evolution of copper and fiber broadband, the transformation of the public switched telephone network, the implementation of the site and the exterior plant, as well as the maintenance of Several suppliers.
The IP / Optical Networks business group provides IP routing and optical transport systems, software and services to build network infrastructure for the Internet and global connectivity. The IP / Networking business group offers IP network solutions for residential, enterprise and mobile services spanning the IP core, IP edge, mobile packet core, wireless back-haul and meter and IP / Ethernet aggregation. The IP / Optical Networks business group offers scalable and dynamic solutions for optimized packet and optical transport. The Applications & Analytics business group offers carrier-grade software applications and platforms to provide business support systems and operations, create, deliver and optimize services. These include client and network operations software, such as device management and multi-channel customer support with orchestration workflows and service assurance; Network management and self-organizing network solutions for multi-vendor network management and automation to optimize network performance.