19-03-2016, 05:27 PM
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02-04-2016, 11:07 AM
To get information about the topic “rural water supply and sanitation vtu notes” full report ppt and related topic refer the link below
http://vps58888.vps.ovh.ca/rural-water-s...-notes.pdf
18-07-2016, 12:39 PM
Rural water supply and
sanitation 10.61 The provision of safe drinking water supply and sanitation facilities is a basic necessity of life and a crucial input in achieving the goal of Health for All. The Ninth Five Year Plan envisages provision of potable drinking water to every settlement in the country on a sustainable basis and the pursuit of all possible measures for the rapid expansion and improvement of sanitation facilities in rural and urban areas. Provision of safe drinking water and sanitation is a State subject and is the primary responsibility of the States. However, the Central Government has been supplementing the efforts of the States through financial and technological inputs under Centrally Sponsored Schemes. Rural Water Supply 10.62 The Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP), currently implemented through the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, in the Department of Drinking Water Supply, has been in operation since 1972- 73 to assist the States and UTs to accelerate the pace of coverage of safe and adequate drinking water supply facilities to the rural population. The programme focusses on the coverage of all rural habitations specially the un-reached ones, to ensure sustainability of the systems and sources, to tackle the problem of water quality and institutionalize water quality monitoring and surveillance through a Catchment Area Approach. This programme has recently been revamped with an aim to usher in reforms by institutionalizing community participation in the rural water supply sector so as to gradually replace the government oriented, centralised, supply driven and non-people participating programme by a people oriented decentralised, demand driven and community based one. Community participation is envisaged in implementing, managing and maintaining the rural drinking water supply system. The Central allocation for this programme has been enhanced from Rs.1,960 crore in 2000-01 to Rs.1,975 crore in 2001-02. An amount of Rs.1,637crore has been released by the Centre and Rs.1,496 crore separately by the States, upto end of January, 2002. The number of habitations covered are 26,803 against a target of 45,527 and the population covered is 10.5 million as against a target of 21.6 million for the period. 10.63 The Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana Rural Drinking Water Programme which has been introduced as a specific component of the new initiative for achievement of sustainable human development at the village level, launched by the Government in 2000-01 in the form of the Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY). A minimum of 25 per cent of the total allocation for the component is to be utilised by the respective States/UTs on projects for water conservation, water harvesting, water recharge and sustainability of drinking water source in respect of Desert Development Programme (DDP) /Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP) areas and other water stress /drought affected areas, and the balance 75 per cent utilised for tackling water quality and extension of coverage of habitations. During 2000-01, Rs.513 crore was released to the States. In 2001-02 Rs.636.7 crore has been allocated for this scheme and Rs.355 crore released as the first instalment. 10.64 The provision of potable drinking water to all villages has been identified as one of the priority tasks of the Government. At the beginning of the Ninth Plan there were about 85,000 Not Covered (NC), 391,000 Partially Covered (PC) and 140,000 Quality Problem (QP) habitations. The Ninth Plan seeks to cover all the NC, PC and QP habitations with safe drinking water facilities. In the first three years of the Ninth Plan, 62,000 NC and 242,000 PC habitations have been covered with water supply facilities. As on 1st February 2002, there are 1,257,532 Full Covered (FC) habitations, 147,241 Partially Covered (PC),with a balance of 17,891 habitations as Non-Covered (NC) ones. An area of concern is the re-emergence of uncovered villages in view of poor quality of construction, non involvement of people in design/operation/maintenance of assets and fast depletion of ground water levels leading to problems of arsenic and fluoride content being enhanced. This necessitates addressing of the problems of control on groundwater withdrawal, water harvesting and soil and water conservation, and community participation for management of drinking water as an economic asset. Rural Sanitation 10.65 The Rural Sanitation Programme was launched by the Ministry of Rural Development in 1986 to improve the quality of life of the rural poor and to provide privacy and dignity to the women. The revised Ninth Plan strategy envisages a shift from high subsidy to a low subsidy regime, a greater household involvement, intensive IEC campaigns, stress on software and emphasis on school sanitation. The Central Rural Sanitation Programme (CRSP) was restructured in 1999 and aims at providing adequate sanitation facilities to the rural poor, generate awareness about health education, eradicate manual scavenging by converting all existing dry latrines into low cost sanitary latrines. Total Sanitation Campaigns (TSCs) are being implemented in phases in the country. The TLC envisages a synergestic interaction between the Government machinery, active NGO participation, intensive IEC, provision of an alternative delivery system and more flexible, demand oriented construction norms. 58 pilot Districts have been identified by the States for implementation under phase I. This has been increased to 150 districts throughout the country. So far , 58 Project proposals under TSC from 1-4-99 to January, 2001 at a total cost of about Rs.606 crore have been approved. 10.66 The Rural School Sanitation Programme has been introduced as a major component and an entry point for wider acceptance by the rural masses. The Programme aims at constructions of toilets in all rural schools by the end of the Ninth Plan. The unit cost shall not exceed Rs.20,000 and the level of subsidy has been fixed in ratio of 60:30:10 for the Central, States and Panchayats /schools respectively. 10 per cent of the funds under TSC would be earmarked for school sanitation. Rs.135 crore have been allocated for CRSP by the Centre during 2001-02 up to September 2001 and Rs.6.8 crore under the Minimum Needs Programme(MNP) provision by the States. As against this, an amount of Rs.72.6 crore has been released by the Centre up to January, 2002. 10.67 The coverage of rural population with sanitation facilities was estimated to be about 17 per cent at the beginning of the Ninth Plan. This has increased by about 3 per cent or so during the Ninth Plan. The Drinking Water Supply is very important issue in the present times in the light of the increasing health awareness among the rural public. One of the most important objective of the State Government is to provide safe drinking water to the rural population. The Government sanctioned APRWSS Project with an outlay of Rs.792.25 Crores. with World Bank Assistance to be implemented over a period of five years to improve RWSS services in six districts namely Visakhapatnam, Prakasam, Kadapa, Karimnagar,Mahabubnagar and Adilabd by taking up on priority ‘NC’, ‘NSS’ and tribal habitations to benefit at least 2.1 Million rural population in about 2600 habitations vide G.O.Ms.No.190 PR &RD (RWS.III) dept, Dt:19.05.2010.
01-03-2017, 01:17 AM
02-03-2017, 12:03 PM
Historically the supply of drinking water in rural areas of India has been outside the sphere of influence of the government. Open community management wells, private wells, ponds and small-scale irrigation reservoirs have often been the main traditional sources of rural drinking water. The effective role of the Government of India in the rural water supply sector began in 1972-73 with the launch of the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Program (ARWSP).
During the period 1972-1986, the main objective of ARWSP was to ensure the adequate supply of drinking water to the rural community through the Public Health Engineering System. The second generation program began with the launch of the Technology Mission in 1986-87, renamed in 1991-92 as Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission. In the rural water supply sector, stress was introduced on water quality, appropriate technological intervention, support for human resource development and other related activities. The third generation program began in 1999-2000 when Sector Reform Projects evolved to involve the community in the planning, implementation and management of schemes related to drinking water, later scaled up as Swajaldhara in 2002. The Rural Water Supply (RWS) sector has entered the fourth phase with an emphasis on ensuring the sustainability of water availability in terms of potability, adequacy, convenience, affordability and equity, while adopting a decentralized approach that involves To PRIs and community organizations. Sufficient flexibility is offered to States / TUs to incorporate the principles of a decentralized, demand-driven and area-specific strategy, taking into account all aspects Of the sustainability of the source, the system, the finances and the management of the infrastructure of supply of drinking water. The new approach has emphasized the adoption of appropriate technology, restoration of traditional systems, connective use of surface and groundwater, conservation, collection of rainwater and recharge of drinking water sources . Based on these considerations, the ARWSP has been modified as a National Rural Water Supply Program (NRDWP) for the Eleventh Plan Plan. We sincerely hope that the new regime will help to provide potable water in an adequate and sustainable way to all people living in rural areas of our country. |
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