03-09-2012, 10:39 AM
i want your help on topic animatronics so that i can give my seminar on that..its urgent.
Name-Naenjeet
03-09-2012, 10:39 AM
i want your help on topic animatronics so that i can give my seminar on that..its urgent. Name-Naenjeet
04-12-2012, 04:28 PM
i want your help on topic animatronics so that i can give my seminar on
23-01-2013, 10:45 PM
Urgent need of ieee paper on animatronics
24-01-2013, 10:26 AM
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18-06-2013, 12:09 PM
Animatronics Animatronics.docx (Size: 462.44 KB / Downloads: 73) INTRODUCTION Animatronics is the use of mechatronics to create machines which seem animate rather than robotic. Animatronic creations include animals (including dinosaurs), plants and even mythical creatures. A robot designed to be a convincing imitation of a human is specifically known as an android. Animatronics is mainly used in movie making, but also in theme parks and other forms of entertainment. Its main advantage over CGI and stop motion is that the simulated creature has a physical presence moving in front of the camera in real time. The technology behind animatronics has become more advanced and sophisticated over the years, making the puppets even more realistic and lifelike. Animatronics is used in situations where a creature does not exist, the action is too risky or costly to use real actors or animals, or the action could never be obtained with a living person or animal. Animatronic systems can be implemented using both computer control and human control, including teleoperation. Animatronic figures are most often powered by pneumatics (compressed air), and, in special instances, hydraulics (pressurized oil), or by electrical means. The figures are precisely customized with the exact dimensions and proportions of living creatures. Motion actuators are often used to imitate “muscle” movements, such as limbs to create realistic motions. Also, the figure is covered with body shells and flexible skins made of hard and soft plastic materials. Then, the figure is finished by adding details like colors, hair and feathers and other components to make the figure more realistic. Animatronics is a subset of anthropomorphic robots which are designed drawing inspiration from nature. The most recent advancement in building an anthropomorphic robot is Kismet (earlier developed by MIT), that engages people in expressive face-to-face interaction. Inspired by infant social development, psychology, ethology, and evolutionary perspective, this work integrates theories and concepts from these diverse scientific viewpoints to enable Kismet to enter into natural and intuitive social interaction with a person, reminiscent of adult infant exchanges. Kismet perceives a variety of natural social cues from visual and auditory channels, and delivers social signals to people through gaze direction, facial expression, body posture, and vocalization. HISTORY Animatronics was developed by Walt Disney in the early 1960s. Essentially, an animatronic puppet is a figure that is animated by means of electromechanical devices. Early examples were found at the 1964 World's Fair in the New York Hall of Presidents and Disneyland. In the Hall of Presidents, Lincoln, with all the gestures of a statesman, gave the Gettysburg address. Body language and facial motions were matched to perfection with the recorded speech. The abbreviated term originally coined by Walt Disney as Audio-Animatronics, which is used to describe the mechanized characters, can be actually seen in the various forms as far back as Leonardo Da Vinci’s Automata Lion, which was theoretically built to present lilies to the King of France during one of his visits. It has now been developed as a career which may require combined talents in mechanical engineering, casting/sculpting, control technologies, electrical/electronic, radio control and airbrushing. Long before digital effects appeared, animatronics were making cinematic history. The Tiki birds were operated using digital controls; that is, something that is either on or off. Tones were recorded onto tape, which on playback would cause a metal reed to vibrate. The vibrating reed would close a circuit and thus operate a relay. The relay sent a pulse of energy (electricity) to the figure's mechanism which would cause a pneumatic valve to operate, which resulted in the action, like the opening of a bird's beak. Each action (e.g., opening of the mouth) had a neutral position, otherwise known as the "natural resting position" (e.g., in the case of the Tiki bird it would be for the mouth to be closed). When there was no pulse of energy forthcoming, the action would be in, or return to, the natural resting position. WHAT IS ANIMATRONICS? Animatronics is a combination of animation and electronics. What exactly is an animatronic? Basically, an animatronic is a mechanized puppet. It may be preprogrammed or remotely controlled. The animatronic may only perform a limited range of movements or it may be incredibly versatile. The scare created by the Great White coming out of the water in "Jaws" and the tender otherworldliness of "E.T." are cinematic effects that will not be easily forgotten. Later animatronics was used together with digital effects. Through the precision, ingenuity and dedication of their creators, animatronic creatures often seem as real to us as their flesh-and-blood counterparts The subject of animatronics, emotional display and recognition has evolved into a major industry and has become more efficient through new technologies. Animatronics is constantly changing due to rapid advancements and trends that are taking place in hardware and software section of the industry. The purpose of this research was to design and build an animatronics robot that will enable students to investigate current trends in robotics. This paper seeks to highlight the debate and discussion concerning engineering challenge that mainly involved secondary level students. Face Cloning: Scientists at Disney's research labs in Zurich, Switzerland, recently unveiled their newest technique for making animatronics more life-like: cloning an actual human face. By using motion capture technology, scientists can make a three-dimensional scan of a person's face as the subject runs through various facial expressions like yawning and winking. They then catalog every detail of that person's face—from facial hair to freckles—into a digital 3D rendering. That rendering is used to craft a precise skin replica by injecting liquid silicone into a 3D mold and allowing it to cure. This ‘mask' adheres to a motorized metal and plastic skull outfitted with points that show exactly where the skin should be placed. Walking: Unlike animatronics, robots are typically built to respond to commands in real time as opposed to repetitively following a pre-programmed set of instructions. But the line between the two is often blurry, especially when it comes to things like locomotion. To create a more realistic animatronic, engineers and special-effects builders are often incorporating more versatile robotics. One example is Micromagic Systems' Hexapod, a six-leg walking animatronic robot created for the film Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. While a puppeteer controls the Hexapod's overall behavior, the bot is also fitted with computer software that controls its gait and movement. More recently, a group working out of Massachusetts' Artisan Asylum has begun working on Stompy, an open-source, 18 foot-wide, 4000-pound, six-legged rideable robot. Build a Full-size Sculpture For the animatronic dinosaurs in the original "Jurassic Park," SWS had to build the full-size sculpture by hand, a time-consuming and laborious process. Advances in computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) allow them to automate a significant part of this step. The maquette is taken to Cyber F/X, where it is scanned by a 3-D digitizer. This is nothing like a normal computer scanner. There are a variety of methods used in 3-D digitizers, but the one that was used for Spinosaurus is called laser scanning. Laser scanning takes precise measurements of the maquette by bouncing beams of laser light off its surface. As the laser scanner moves around the maquette, it sends over 15,000 beams per second. The reflected light from the beams is picked up by high-resolution cameras positioned on either side of the laser. These cameras create an image of the slice (cross section) of the object that the laser is scanning. A custom computer system collects the cross sections and combines them to create a perfect, seamless computer model of the maquette. Cyber F/X then used the computer model to mill the life-size model of the Spinosaurus from polyurethane foam. This very rigid foam is cut to the correct shape through a proprietary process called CNC-Sculpting®. This process, developed by Cyber F/X, takes the data from the full-scale computer model and divides the model into manageable chunks. The data for each chunk is then sent to the foam-sculpting machine, where a life-size section of the dinosaur is created by whittling away pieces of foam from a large, solid block using tiny spinning blades. Once all the sections are done, the SWS team assembles the pieces like a giant 3-D jigsaw puzzle. This creates a very basic full-sized model. A lot of work still needs to be done and it is handled by a team of sculptors at Stan Winston Studio. They hand-carve the foam to add all the incredible details that make it seem real. |
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