23-11-2012, 12:17 PM
Wind Energy
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Energy is a major input for overall economic development of any society
The prices of the fossil fuels steeply increasing
So renewables are expected to play a key role
Wind energy is the fastest growing renewable
How Wind Turbines Work
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power.
The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity.
Important parts
Anemometer:
Measures the wind speed and transmits wind speed data to the controller.
Blades:
Most turbines have either two or three blades. Wind blowing over the blades causes the blades to "lift" and rotate.
Important parts
Controller:
The controller starts up the machine at wind speeds of about 8 to 16 miles per hour (mph) and shuts off the machine at about 55 mph
Gear box:
Gears connect the low-speed shaft to the high-speed shaft and increase the rotational speeds from about 30 to 60 rotations per minute (rpm) to about 1000 to 1800 rpm
Generator:
Usually an shelf induction generator that produces 60-cycle AC electricity.
Wind vane:
Measures wind direction and communicates with the yaw drive to orient the turbine properly with respect to the wind.
Yaw drive:
is used to keep the rotor facing into the wind as the wind direction changes
Advantages
Wind turbines don't produce atmospheric emissions that cause acid rain or greenhouse gasses.
Compared with building new coal-fired generating stations or hydroelectric facilities, wind turbines can be set up quickly and economically
Wind energy is one of the lowest-priced renewable energy technologies available today.
Wind turbines can be built on farms or ranches, thus benefiting the economy in rural areas, where most of the best wind sites are found.
Disadvantages
The technology requires a higher initial investment than fossil-fueled generators.
The wind is intermittent and it does not always blow when electricity is needed.
Wind turbines, like other structures, can scatter electro-magnetic communication signals, including television.
Concern over the noise produced by the rotor blades, and sometimes birds have been killed by flying into the rotors
Wind energy in India
According to the World Wind Energy Association (WWEA), India is the fifth largest power in wind energy
Wind power generation became the thrust of India's Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Services (MNES).
MNES has formulated a series of policy incentives and fiscal incentives that have been successful in the development of the wind power sector.
The policy incentives offered by MNES to keep investment competitive include tax breaks, lower import duties on equipment, and cheap loans.
Conclusion
Power generation from wind has emerged as one of the most successful programmes in the renewable energy sector.
Wind energy is freely available, widely distributed, renewable and also nature-friendly.
Wind energy is the world's fastest-growing energy source and will power industry, businesses and homes with clean, renewable electricity for many years to come.