WIND ENERGY is a renewable energy source that comes from the current of air flowing through the surface of the earth. Wind turbines harvest this kinetic energy and convert it into energy. Electricity is sent through transmission and distribution lines to customers. Wind power is one of the fastest growing sources of electricity and one of the fastest growing markets in the world today. With an average annual growth rate of over 25% over the last decade, wind is the fastest growing sector of the energy industry worldwide. Wind power generation is the fastest growing energy conversion system since the last two decades, mainly due to growing concerns about global warming, financial incentives from governments, and advances in electronic energy design and manufacturing . The global installed capacity of wind power generation has increased from 60 GW in the year 2000 to 160 GW in June 2010, and is estimated to be 460 GW by the end of 2015.
The main problem of integrating wind energy into the existing energy system is the intermittent nature of wind power due to the high correlation with the stochastic wind velocity of the non-stationary wind. Wind integration imposes many challenges on system operators such as operational problems (maintenance of system frequency, power balance, voltage support and power quality), planning and economic problems (including uncertainty in the commitment of wind power in the unit, reserve calculations), etc ....