18-07-2014, 02:24 PM
ULTRASONIC BASED DISTANCE MEASURMENT USING IC 8051
[attachment=65966]
INTRODUCTION
A public address system (PA system) is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system with a microphone, amplifier andloudspeakers, used to allow a person to address a large public, for example for announcements of movements at large and noisy air and rail terminals.The term is also used for systems which may additionally have a mixing console, and amplifiers and loudspeakers suitable for music as well as speech, used to reinforce a sound source, such as recorded music or a person giving a speech or distributing the sound throughout a venue or building.Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. PA systems with many speakers are widely used to make announcements in public, institutional and commercial buildings and locations. Intercom systems, installed in many buildings, have microphones in many rooms allowing the occupants to respond to announcements.Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application, although the distinction between the two is not clear-cut. Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech.[1] In Britain any PA system is sometimes colloquially referred to as a Tannoy, after the company of that name now owned by TC Electronic Group, which supplied a great many of the PA systems used in the past.[2]
1.2 WHAT IS A PA SYSTEM?
A “Public Address” system is anything that amplifies sound so more people can hear it. The most basic example might be a megaphone, or single microphone and speaker, used to make someone’s voice louder. These days most PA systems are used for music too. Prices vary widely, anywhere from several hundred dollars for a little karaoke set up to several thousand dollars for just one of Bruce Springsteen’s concert speakers. A few things that affect choices for a PA system include:
• The kind of music or speech being played
• How loud it needs to play
• The space where it’s being used
• How portable it needs to be
• Who is running the system
• Desired sound quality and durability
• Cost
1.1.1 Most basic systems these days include several different parts such as:
• one or more microphones
• one or more speakers
• a “mixer” that allows the user to control the volume, tone and balance of different voices or instruments
• an amplifier (built into the mixer, built into the speakers, or purchased separately)
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
This booklet is intended to be a basic manual for the novice P.A. user. For the experienced and highly technical person, a more detailed book would be required. In this booklet we try to answer the most commonly asked questions about P.A. systems in an easy-to-understand way, while keeping the technical jargon to a minimum. We have taken a few liberties as a result, however, we feel that these were required to keep this booklet easy to follow and comprehend.
Operators in the control room do not see much detail of the relay logic safeguarding accelerator operations. A GUI shows the actual status of the computer surveyed, relay controlled personnelinterlock system. This interface also explains the underlying logic; the visual and audible warnings can be started only if all preconditions are met: The door interlock has to be set (guaranteeing the accelerator rooms have been searched), all keys have to sit in their key boxes (no supervised access to accelerator rooms) and no emergency stop button must be engaged.The preconditions given, operators can start visible and audible warnings by mouse click. While the PA system is transmitting the warning a closed relay contact starts a hardware timer, which after 90 seconds enables the “warned” state. If any precondition is not met, warnings and warned state is reset unconditionally.
1.4 PAOVERVIEW
Public Address (PA) system is important in our daily live. This system usually found at the public area likes bus station, supermarket and hospital. The main purpose of this system is to inform the people about anything. At the bus station for example, the public address system main purpose is to inform the passenger about the bus information and their journey information. The traditional Public Address system is using the electronic circuit and it is manually control by human. It need full attention to make the system work efficiently .In this project, a new Public Address systemusing wireless connection with a complete Graphical User Interface (GUI) to inform the departure and arriving of busses to nearby cell phone using Bluetooth wirelessconnection. This fully automatic system will scan nearby busses, check the details about the bus information and send the information to nearby Bluetooth hand phones. The information will be send on demand of the users or passenger. The details about this project will be explained in this report.
1.6THE ORGANIZATION OF PA
This thesis will explain the flow on how to develop the wireless PA system and all details will be explain in 6 Chapter. In this subtopic the summary of eachwill be covered. Provides the history of Bluetooth connection and how it works. This will explain about Bluetooth connectivity and the future of Bluetooth in the wirelessconnection. This chapter will discuss the advantage and disadvantage of the Bluetooth connection compare to other wireless connection and why Bluetooth is choose to develop this project. will describe the methodology to develop the project. Thischapter containtwo main parts. Part 1 is the methodology to develop the PC side program and the part 2 is the methodology to develop the device side program. Each process will be explained in this chapter.contains the result and analysis of the project. All the output from thissystem can be observed and analysis in this chapter. will be the discussion and the conclusion for the overall achievement from this project. There will be few recommendations on how to expand this project for thefuture
[attachment=65966]
INTRODUCTION
A public address system (PA system) is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system with a microphone, amplifier andloudspeakers, used to allow a person to address a large public, for example for announcements of movements at large and noisy air and rail terminals.The term is also used for systems which may additionally have a mixing console, and amplifiers and loudspeakers suitable for music as well as speech, used to reinforce a sound source, such as recorded music or a person giving a speech or distributing the sound throughout a venue or building.Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. PA systems with many speakers are widely used to make announcements in public, institutional and commercial buildings and locations. Intercom systems, installed in many buildings, have microphones in many rooms allowing the occupants to respond to announcements.Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application, although the distinction between the two is not clear-cut. Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech.[1] In Britain any PA system is sometimes colloquially referred to as a Tannoy, after the company of that name now owned by TC Electronic Group, which supplied a great many of the PA systems used in the past.[2]
1.2 WHAT IS A PA SYSTEM?
A “Public Address” system is anything that amplifies sound so more people can hear it. The most basic example might be a megaphone, or single microphone and speaker, used to make someone’s voice louder. These days most PA systems are used for music too. Prices vary widely, anywhere from several hundred dollars for a little karaoke set up to several thousand dollars for just one of Bruce Springsteen’s concert speakers. A few things that affect choices for a PA system include:
• The kind of music or speech being played
• How loud it needs to play
• The space where it’s being used
• How portable it needs to be
• Who is running the system
• Desired sound quality and durability
• Cost
1.1.1 Most basic systems these days include several different parts such as:
• one or more microphones
• one or more speakers
• a “mixer” that allows the user to control the volume, tone and balance of different voices or instruments
• an amplifier (built into the mixer, built into the speakers, or purchased separately)
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
This booklet is intended to be a basic manual for the novice P.A. user. For the experienced and highly technical person, a more detailed book would be required. In this booklet we try to answer the most commonly asked questions about P.A. systems in an easy-to-understand way, while keeping the technical jargon to a minimum. We have taken a few liberties as a result, however, we feel that these were required to keep this booklet easy to follow and comprehend.
Operators in the control room do not see much detail of the relay logic safeguarding accelerator operations. A GUI shows the actual status of the computer surveyed, relay controlled personnelinterlock system. This interface also explains the underlying logic; the visual and audible warnings can be started only if all preconditions are met: The door interlock has to be set (guaranteeing the accelerator rooms have been searched), all keys have to sit in their key boxes (no supervised access to accelerator rooms) and no emergency stop button must be engaged.The preconditions given, operators can start visible and audible warnings by mouse click. While the PA system is transmitting the warning a closed relay contact starts a hardware timer, which after 90 seconds enables the “warned” state. If any precondition is not met, warnings and warned state is reset unconditionally.
1.4 PAOVERVIEW
Public Address (PA) system is important in our daily live. This system usually found at the public area likes bus station, supermarket and hospital. The main purpose of this system is to inform the people about anything. At the bus station for example, the public address system main purpose is to inform the passenger about the bus information and their journey information. The traditional Public Address system is using the electronic circuit and it is manually control by human. It need full attention to make the system work efficiently .In this project, a new Public Address systemusing wireless connection with a complete Graphical User Interface (GUI) to inform the departure and arriving of busses to nearby cell phone using Bluetooth wirelessconnection. This fully automatic system will scan nearby busses, check the details about the bus information and send the information to nearby Bluetooth hand phones. The information will be send on demand of the users or passenger. The details about this project will be explained in this report.
1.6THE ORGANIZATION OF PA
This thesis will explain the flow on how to develop the wireless PA system and all details will be explain in 6 Chapter. In this subtopic the summary of eachwill be covered. Provides the history of Bluetooth connection and how it works. This will explain about Bluetooth connectivity and the future of Bluetooth in the wirelessconnection. This chapter will discuss the advantage and disadvantage of the Bluetooth connection compare to other wireless connection and why Bluetooth is choose to develop this project. will describe the methodology to develop the project. Thischapter containtwo main parts. Part 1 is the methodology to develop the PC side program and the part 2 is the methodology to develop the device side program. Each process will be explained in this chapter.contains the result and analysis of the project. All the output from thissystem can be observed and analysis in this chapter. will be the discussion and the conclusion for the overall achievement from this project. There will be few recommendations on how to expand this project for thefuture